Allergy - a heightened or distorted body's sensitivity to any allergen - the substance.
The mechanism of the immune response is very complicated. It includes the production of antibodies, which are the "defenders" of the body. Target antibodies - to neutralize the invading organism substance (so-called "antigens"). In theory, any immune system is a kind of "exceeding its mandate" and lost control, begins to react to a completely harmless substance as dangerous. Such a loss of control and leads to launch allergic reactions.
Individual allergens for different patients can be any substance, it is harmless to a healthy person. For example, it may be the normal components of food (citrus, fish etc.), Various substances are conventional environmental factors (dust, tree pollen, animal dander, fungus), dosage drugs. Allergens only start the process, the reason for which is the altered state of the patient.
Allergic reactions on diverse manifestations and severity of treatment; they are able to develop in different directions and involve various organs and tissues of the body. t. e. given the complexity and multi-component of the human immune system, it should be remembered that each the patient's own body, their own individual sets (combinations), immune disorders and its individual allergy.
The leading factor in the violation of immunity is a genetic factor, ie. E. the health of children - it is primarily the health of their parents (and so on from generation to generation).
allergy symptoms
respiratory allergies
Respiratory form - a group of diseases of the allergic nature with the defeat of various respiratory tract.
Allergic rhinitis is the most common form of the disease and include both seasonal and perennial rhinitis.
seasonal allergic rhinitis caused mainly pollen of trees, grasses, and the Asteraceae, and molds. This disease is called pollen disease.
Its main symptoms - itchy nose, sneezing, nasal congestion and shortness of breath that occur, usually in the spring and summer. In addition, there are bouts of sneezing, runny nose, malaise, headache, drowsiness, possible temperature rise, irritability. Hay fever may be accompanied by irritation and watery eyes.
Causes perennial rhinitis can be house dust, animal dander, household products, cosmetics and perfumes, medicines. Chronic allergic rhinitis with exacerbation periods may occur in foods, particularly in the preservatives and other chemical additives.
Allergic tracheobronchitis - is characterized by bouts of dry hacking cough, often at night. The disease runs in waves, going on a long time.
Bronchial asthma It is undoubtedly the most severe one for respiratory allergy. Obligatory sign of asthma is typical, with a primary difficulty exhaling, choking.
alimentary allergy
This form It combines numerous allergic reactions to foods. Its manifestations are varied, it is usually, skin lesions, respiratory, gastro-intestinal tract. Quite often there eczema. At older ages, meets neurodermatitis. Favorite localization process - ulnar and popliteal folds, the skin of the neck, wrist, etc.
Skin manifestations of allergy
Hives - a disease with characteristic skin manifestations as itching and rashes. Urticaria caused increased sensitivity to certain substances, usually harmless to the organism. Urticaria can be caused by various allergens: strawberries or shellfish; penicillin; insect bites, parasitic infestation, silk, wool, fur; ultraviolet irradiation or cold. It is believed that in some cases, hives and cause emotional stress. The appearance of lesions accompanied by swelling of a body portion: the eyes, lips, arms, joints. Like blisters, swelling persist for a short time - a few hours or even minutes, but they do not cause itching.
angioedema - type of allergic reaction, which is characterized by the sudden appearance of skin edema, subcutaneous tissue and mucous membranes. Angioedema, urticaria as conventional, may occur on the mucous membranes and cause disruption of the various organ systems (usually swelling affects the lips, cheeks, eyelids or genitals) and is accompanied by pain, burning, at least - itching. When angioedema the larynx choking occurs, similar to the attack of asthma. This state is threatening the patient's life, so when there is an urgent need to call an ambulance.
Atopic dermatitis - a chronic allergic inflammation of the skin surface, accompanied by itching, often associated with allergic rhinoconjunctivitis, atopic asthma.
allergies and diet treatment
Allergy treatment includes the following provisions:
- An elimination diet.
- Pharmacotherapy (base prophylactic therapy, treatment of opportunistic diseases).
- Allergen-specific immunotherapy.
- Immunomodulatory therapy (in combination with immune deficiency).
- Educational programs (training of patients and their relatives in allergoshkole).
Listed below are the foods that should be limited or completely excluded from the diet of patients with allergies:
- Cereals.
- Pasta, containing no eggs.
- Ready for the dough mixture.
- Finished cakes, cookies, gingerbread, icing, pudding.
- Chocolate.
- Potato chips.
- Painted carbonated and fruit drinks.
- Colored marshmallows.
- Caramel, candy drops.
- Citrus fruits (lemon, orange, tangerine, grapefruit, etc.).
- Wine, beer, brandy, liqueurs.
- Pickles, vinegar.
- Canned vegetables, soups, dried soup mix, seafood.
- Sausage meat.
- Strawberries, strawberry
In the appointment of an elimination diet to patients is necessary to accurately specify the duration of its application and the extension order diet after eliminating manifestations of intolerance to food.
Pharmacotherapy with food allergies assigned during the acute symptoms which developed to eliminate the reaction and basic therapy for the prevention of such reactions. In the acute phase are assigned Antiallergic drugs, dose and route of administration are determined by the degree of reaction severity.
It is necessary to promptly carry out correction comorbidities gastro-intestinal diseases, liver and gallbladder, and others.
Remove as far as possible - a complete, prichinnoznachimyh allergens, risk factors and precipitating factors for age.
