intestinal colitis - an inflammatory disease of the colon mucosa, or its departments. Also, the term "colitis" in medicine can be used for determining the manifestations of chronic digestive disorders, often having an inflammatory nature.
Kinds
The following classification of colitis:
The clinical course:
- sharp (often combined with enteritis and gastritis)
- chronic
On the mechanism of:
- Ulcerative colitis. This kind of disease is not uncommon, but the exact cause is still not clear.
- Infectious colitis. Develops due to propagation in the intestinal lumen of pathogenic microorganisms, causing inflammation and disrupts the.
- Ischemic colitis. It appears as a result of tissue necrosis due to blood circulation disorders - when atherosclerosis.
- Toxic or drug colitis, caused by the action of poisons or toxic drugs.
- Radiation colitis, which develops as a result of chronic exposure to ionizing radiation.
Localization of the inflammatory process
- Pancole - process affects all parts of the colon.
- typhlitis - the process is localized in the mucosa of the cecum.
- transverzit - the process is localized in the mucosa of transverse colon.
- sigmoid - the process is localized in the mucosa of the sigmoid colon.
- proctitis - the process is localized in the rectal mucosa.
The symptoms of colitis
Despite the diversity of forms of the disease, intestinal colitis is the main symptoms characteristic of any of its kind, namely:
- Abdominal pain. The pain may be of different intensity and be localized in different places, that is of diagnostic value.
- Frequent urge to defecate. This symptom is due to the constant stimulation of nerve endings in the colon. Frequency urinary urgency may be more than 10 times per day.
- Diarrhea, and changes in stool. Due to inflammation of the colon function is impaired, there is a change in stool consistency, and also, it may appear mucus, pus or blood.
- Bloating and flatulence, appearing as a result of an imbalance of microflora or dysbiosis.
Diagnostics
Apart from the general and biochemical blood tests, the doctor prescribes
- endoscopic examinations (colonoscopy, irrigoscopy)
- coprogram.
Colitis in its manifestations are very similar to other gastrointestinal diseases (disease Crown, anal fissures, syndrome irritable bowel, etc.).
Treatment
Treatment of colitis has been a gastroenterologist.
Since the possible causes of colitis are many, patients need combination therapy, individually appointed, with all the features and trends of the disease.
Treatment is usually conservative, and includes the following components:
1. appointment diet №4. This is done in order to limit the burden on the large intestine to facilitate its recovery.
2. Intestinal sorbents (enterosgel). Nominated to withdraw from the intestine toxic metabolites of inflammation, and prevent intoxication them.
3. Drugs that restore the microflora (pro- and prebiotics) to eliminate dysbiosis, and normalize the functions of microorganisms in the intestinal lumen.
4. Anti-inflammatory and desensitizing therapy is to stop the development of inflammation and aggression of the immune system.
5. Etiopathogenetic treatment (to eliminate the causes and mechanisms of disease).
It may include
- antibacterial,
- antiparasitic,
- vascular,
- antispasmodics and other means.
The purpose of these funds is related to the cause of colitis.
6. Surgical treatment of colitis at the moment almost does not apply because the disease lends itself quite successfully treated with conservative methods.
a long time may be required to fully restore the integrity and function of the intestine (up to 2 months).
