Anorexia - a relentless pursuit of weight loss by targeting long self-restraint in eating due to fear of obesity and weight gain.
Against the background of anorexia is often observed hormonal, metabolic disorders and functional disorders. The disease often leads to life-threatening malnutrition.
symptoms of anorexia
- Conviction excessive fullness of the figure, contrary to obvious facts, and not susceptible to dissuade
- The absence of a critical attitude to his condition, even when expressed exhaustion
- Fear of weight gain or obesity, continuing even when exhaustion
- Characterized by excessive physical load pick-emetics, laxatives and diuretics and agents which decrease the appetite
- Patients hidden from others (especially from relatives) as the grounds for refusal of food, and all that is associated with the desire to lose weight (Endeavor eat separately, using different tricks - seamlessly shift into another food dish, it is discarded, hidden, and give pet, etc.)
- Against the background of starvation typical tendency to overfeed other family members, especially younger brothers and sisters, as well as interest in the preparation of dishes
- Prefer sophisticated ways of cooking and eating rituals.
complications
- Weight loss
- Muscle atrophy, dryness and flaking skin, brittle nails, hair loss, caries and tooth loss
- Gastritis
- intestinal atony
- Anemia
- lowering blood pressure (hypotension)
- swelling
- Cardiovascular failure
- Bone loss
- Cessation of menstruation in women with established menstrual function
- convulsions
anorexia treatment
- Bed rest controlled food intake to weight gain of not less than 9.5 kg
- Gradual increase in caloric intake
- Gradual increase in physical activity as the weight gain
- Weighing the first day, then 3 times a week
- Hospitalization is indicated for reducing body weight more than 30% of the initial 6 months, confirmed on an electrocardiogram significant electrolyte disturbances, suicide risk, inefficiency outpatient treatment
- Tranquilizers: 15 mg of oxazepam or alprazolam 0.25 mg before meals, small doses phenothiazine derivatives, e.g. chlorpromazine 10-25 mg / day - inpatients, cyproheptadine 4 mg / day with gradual increase in the dose to 32 mg / day
- Antidepressants: fluoxetine 20 mg / day, once in the morning, or sertraline 50- 100 mg / day once in the morning, or imipramine, starting from 10 mg / day, with gradual dose escalation to 200 mg / day
- Preparations complex of vitamins and minerals
- Metoclopramide on 10 15 mg before each meal and reception at night
- Psychotherapy
Forecast
40% of patients with anorexia recover, 30% - is improving in 30% of cases the disease takes a chronic form. 6% of the patients die due to exhaustion or suicide.
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