Red blood cells - a blood elements, which are formed in the red blood marrow. If the red blood cells increased, this indicates a violation of some of the functions in the human body. Knowing What is the red blood cellsAnd what their role in the body, helping to prevent serious diseases.
How to get tested
To determine the index of red blood cells administered CBC. In most cases, the material is taken from the vein (the level of red blood cells in this case is determined as accurately as possible). Fence biomaterial of venous vessels occurs by the standard procedure: the doctor inserts into a vein elbow needle, pinching the middle third of the shoulder, and collects the required blood volume.
For the reliability of the results should follow these rules:
- not eat for 8 hours;
- drink only pure non-carbonated water;
- per day to stop the use of alcohol and certain medications;
- Do not smoke for 2-3 hours;
- a few days before the study is not to subject the body to stress, excessive exercise and other adverse factors.
How much should be normal
Norms of erythrocyte cells vary widely (especially in the women's blood and after 60 years). They vary depending on age and gender.
men
Blood cell counts in males - 4 5.2 * 1012 to 1012 in 1 l of blood. Indicator 5.5 for men is considered abnormal.
Among women
The number of RBC in the blood of women - 3.8 * 4.7 * 1012 to 1012 in 1 liter of blood. During pregnancy rate in women decreases and reaches 3-3.5 1012.
In children and infants
In infants up to one year the value of red cells all the time range (1012 per 1 liter):
- in cord blood erythrocytes - 3,9-5,5;
- up to 3 days - 4-6,6;
- day 7 - 3,9-6,3 (principal component);
- by the end of 2 weeks - 3,6-6,2;
- at month - 3-5,4;
- 2 months - 2,7-4,9;
- up to six months - 3,1-4,5;
- 12 years - 3,5-5 (red blood cells are elevated 5.5);
- girls 13 to 19 years - 4,1-5,5;
- boys up to 16 years - 4,1-5,5;
- from U19 - 3,9-5,6.
Sometimes babies RBC may be higher than normal. Increase in the number of red blood cells during infancy is physiological, t. To. The body has not adapted to life in the environment.
Why increased red blood cells
Increase of red blood cells levels in the body called erythrocytosis. Reasons for increasing these formed elements are physiological and pathological.
physiological erythrocytosis
Sometimes the figures the number of red cells grow for physiological reasons. This means that there are no abnormalities in the body does not develop, and after the removal of a provoking factor the number of cells after some time to stabilize. Red blood cells can be increased in adults in the following cases:
- under strong stress;
- during dehydration;
- if a long time to engage in sports;
- as a result of living in the highlands (this suggests the compensatory ability of the body).
pathological polycythemia
Pathological causes elevated erythrocyte cells more. All of them are associated with different pathologies. Therefore, if found high red blood cells (even if they are a bit overpriced), doctors recommend not to delay the diagnosis and begin therapy in a timely manner.
High red blood cells in the blood are at eritremii. It is a disease that causes bone marrow myeloproliferative changes resulting hemoblastosis tumors or hematopoietic organs. Polycythemia in this case, combined with the increase in white blood cells and platelet concentration of FL.
At heart diseases, arterial and mixed venous blood. When this process occurs in the analysis of blood increased red blood elements, the oxygen transport to the tissues violated substantially. This means that to compensate for the oxygen deficiency of the bone marrow receives the signal to generate a larger number of blood cells, making them and there is excess.
With the development of liver tumors (metastases or her) body is unable to engage disposing obsolete erythrocytes. In the blood dominates the percentage of mature forms - an indicator, indicating severe pathology.
In the pathology of the lungs the body is experiencing a shortage of oxygen. Because of this increased RBC, ie. K. If the erythrocytes are elevated, included compensatory function of the body.
Erythrocytosis appears and other dangerous diseases:
- malignant tumors of kidney, pituitary and adrenal glands;
- Aerza disease, i.e. primary pulmonary hypertension;
- Pickwick syndrome characterized by the development of gross obesity, pulmonary insufficiency, and high blood pressure (sometimes too high rates).
Other pathological reasons under which the value of the red cells in the patient is raised:
- enzyme deficiency adversely affect the normal digestion of food;
- dehydration caused by prolonged diarrhea or vomiting;
- Drink substandard (insufficient chlorinated or purified) water;
- avitaminosis;
- smoking.
Reasons for increase in cell count in children:
- heart defects (congenital);
- bone marrow diseases;
- increased pressure in the pulmonary circulation;
- erythremia and other blood diseases;
- chronic obstructive pulmonary disease;
- or bronchitis, rhinitis, acute stage;
- obesity at 3-4 stage;
- vomiting and diarrhea, leading to dehydration;
- disruption of the normal functioning of the adrenal cortex.
The most dangerous pathology, in which the red blood cells may increase a child - Cancer is liver or kidney. Prolonged abnormal talk about the urgent need for the survey.
What to do with an increase in
If increased red blood cells, an urgent need to go to the clinic for medical assistance. The main condition for effective treatment - early detection of causes of erythrocytosis.
In marked polycythemia prescribe drugs that contribute to thinning the blood and normalize blood clotting. In some cases, applied himiolechenie. In state Pre-stroke or preinfarction prescribed emergency phlebotomy procedure to reduce blood pressure and the probability of formation of blood clots.
After the human health measures, which were elevated erythrocytes, carefully administered and plasma glucose (complement introduction of isotonic sodium chloride solution). In hereditary polycythemia shows oxygen therapy to maintain normal transport function of red cells.
A diet with high content of red blood cells aimed at the prevention of blood clots and maintain its liquefaction. If many red blood cells, is forbidden fatty foods: this measure will reduce the amount of cholesterol and prevents blood clots. Temporarily excluded products containing large amounts of iron: buckwheat, some fruits and berries. Banned vitamin complexes, which increase the amount of iron and hemoglobin.
recommended to follow medical recommendations for the normalization of elevated levels of blood cells:
- Drink throughout the day with plenty of clean water. Carbonated water is prohibited because it is able to increase the number of red blood cells.
- Eat fresh fruits and berries (or season).
- Normalize sleep, take a walk in the fresh air.
- Regulate the exercise.
- Avoid stress and emotional strain.
The gestation period should follow these recommendations:
- normalize the rest mode: walk more, watch out for the intensity of physical activity;
- avoid stress;
- exclude fatty, fried (because it increased erythrocytes);
- monitor the amount of spices in the diet;
- exclude tobacco and alcohol.
Help to normalize the excess of red blood cells and traditional treatments. Thus, for example dill seeds contribute to the normalization of blood pressure and reduce the number of blood cells. To prepare the medication 100 g of seeds triturated and consume 1 tsp 2 times a day, dissolving in the mouth and with a little water. Duration of treatment - from 7 days to 2 months.
It is useful to take a decoction of wormwood, willow-herb, mint leaves. All components are recommended to take in equal proportions. To prepare the broth, to pour 1 tsp shredded grasses 2 L of boiling water. Infuse for 40 minutes. The liquid is then drained, strain and take ½ cup before a meal 3 times a day. Duration of treatment - up to 2.5 months.
Effects
The excess of red blood cells into the blood stream, and it is intensely saturated with oxygen. This causes failures in the effective work of all organs and systems. Due to the large number of red blood cells thicken the blood occurs. This is extremely dangerous for the normal operation of the brain, the blood supply of all organs. A person can die if you do not start treatment.
With increasing laboratory values may cause such effects:
- cyanosis of the lips;
- redness of the face;
- fainting;
- increasing pressure;
- vascular occlusion due to thrombus formation;
- hepatosplenomegaly;
- the progression of gastric bleeding.
If the number of red blood cells increases during pregnancy, it adversely affects fetal development processes. In the most adverse circumstances develop hypoxia in the child, possible spontaneous miscarriage. Pre-conception planning is necessary to cure the disease, contributing to an increase in red blood cells.
The excess of normal erythrocytes values in a child is a cause of various pathologies, in addition, it increases the risk of deviations in physical and mental development.
