Amnesia - a partial or complete inability to play the previous events in memory, which can be temporary or permanent. The disease significantly reduces the quality of life of the patient, it interferes with personal and professional growth of a person, it limits the range of possibilities. Therefore, you need to know what the amnesia and how to treat it.
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Pathological processes may develop slowly or appear to age rapidly at one point after the injury. Amnesia sometimes refers to diseases of the brain, so the sooner treatment is started, the more favorable is the prognosis. The fact that this amnesia will be discussed below.
CAUSES
The main causes of amnesia:
- Organic - injuries and diseases of the brain that trigger structural changes in the temporal lobes and poor circulation in this area. Moreover, there is a negative influence of alcohol, drugs and medicinal substances.
- Psychological - have a psychogenic origin. The reasons for this amnesia is most often are as strong emotional shocks, stress and trauma.
The reasons for the total or partial amnesia of organic origin:
- craniocerebral injuries during drop or impact head;
- the effects of a concussion, epilepsy, acute migraine, hemorrhage and tumor formation;
- pathological disorders of the blood supply to the temporal lobes of the brain;
- intoxication drugs (antidepressants, psychotropic, hypnotics), carbon monoxide, alcohol, or heavy metal salts;
- vitamin B1 deficiency due to alcoholism;
- the effects of inflammation of the meninges;
- accumulation of amyloid in the brain structures (Alzheimer's disease).
SYMPTOMS
Experts suggest that amnesia - is an ambiguous condition characterized by varying degrees of memory loss and is manifested in different ways. Depending on these signs emit several varieties pathology.
Symptoms of different types of amnesia:
- retrograde amnesia. From the memories are erased moments preceding the illness or injury. Most often this condition occurs after a concussion. The disease does not affect the memory of the events following the injury.
- Anterograde. The patient can not remember events from injury, stress or illness. Memories up to that point are saved in full. There are cases of combined retrograde and anterograde amnesia.
- Traumatic amnesia is often a temporary phenomenon and arises as a consequence of traumatic brain injury.
- Fixation. It lost the memory of some of the current and recent events (memory loss), while at the same time, memories of the past are not affected.
- Dissociated. Fundamental and professional skills are, forgotten some moments of privacy. Such disorders are characteristic of psychological stress.
- Korsakoff syndrome. Severe form of memory loss, which runs on the background of alcoholism and vitamin B1 deficiency.
- Fugue state - a serious condition that is accompanied by a complete amnesia. The patient forgets all the way up to its name. Such a disorder can occur within hours or months.
Common symptoms of amnesia:
- memory loss for some period of time;
- difficulty remembering recent events surrounding the name;
- confabulation, or false memories - the patient is trying to replace the forgotten episodes of fictional events.
Symptoms that accompany the loss of memory:
- headache;
- incoordination;
- drowsiness;
- Heart arythmy;
- confusion;
- loss of knowledge about the subject;
- blurred vision (split in the eyes, trembling eyes, paralysis of the eye muscles).
TREATMENT
Treat amnesia psychiatrists and neurologists. It is to these professionals need to ask for help with similar problems. The doctor finds out during a conversation about what events preceded the loss of memories.
The goals of treatment:
- elimination of the causes of memory loss;
- recovery of brain function.
In traumatic, alcohol, or other oncological amnesia its variations caused by the primary pathology emphasizes the treatment of the underlying disease.
amnesia disease affects the complex processes in the brain, therefore, before doctors have a difficult task in the treatment of such conditions. Often, the patient has to encounter a failure when you try to recover the lost memories.
The basis of the course of therapy is medication. Selection of drugs depends on the underlying disease. If necessary the treatment of diabetes mellitus, atherosclerosis, hypertension.
Medications for the treatment of amnesia:
- Nootropics, improves nutrition of brain cells and increases mental activity.
- Vasoactive drugs and antiplatelet agents based on aspirin effect on blood thinning.
- Anticholinesterase drugs to stimulate the autonomic nervous system in the elderly.
- Memantine is intended for suspension of neurodegenerative processes in Alzheimer's disease.
- Antidepressants.
- Angioprotectors.
- Antioxidants.
- Biostimulyators.
- B vitamins
See also: Retrograde amnesia - Symptoms and Treatment
If the memory loss has occurred in patients receiving antipsychotics and antidepressants, it may require the rejection of these drugs or reduce their dosage.
Drug therapy is performed simultaneously with other treatments. Medications used exclusively by a physician, since each has a particular type of amnesia treatment regimen.
Hypnosis, suggesting relaxation and focus on the changes in consciousness, help to restore the lost data. One method of drug therapy is the use of drugs that are used in rare cases indicated. improve memory promote sessions with a psychologist, solving crossword puzzles and exercises with simple arithmetic.
The principle of treatment of psychogenic amnesia is not the reconstruction of the events in his memoirs, and aims to create a comfortable environment for the patient. In the course of treatment or after a few moments can come back, but the bulk of the lost memories often not recovered.
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