C-reactive protein. What is it the norm in the blood of children, men, women. Table of age, which means increased, negative, positive, ultrasensitive

a large number of high-molecular compounds found in blood plasma. One of these substances has a high reaction rate at the beginning of inflammatory processes and diseases. This protein is referred to as C-reactive. It is also often referred to as the "golden marker" for the possibility of early diagnosis of various acute processes in the human body.

What is C-reactive protein and its function

This blood marker is a complex compound consisting of carbohydrates and proteins. C-reactive protein is synthesized in the liver cells, it relates to a highly sensitive compounds and the human body responds to any pathological changes therein.

In healthy human blood protein may also be present in minor amounts. This blood marker is a necessary element for the maintenance of immunity is activated immediately after birth.

C-reactive protein has several important functions for humans. Is he:

• It binds saccharides and removes them from the body in the form of sludge;
• It removes the formed fatty acid formed in traumatic cell disintegration;
• promotes rapid tissue regeneration;
• activates the production of substances that destroy microbes and viruses;
• It stimulates the synthesis of leukocytes, creating immune barrier;
• It strengthens the body's defenses;
• associates with innate immunity acquired, maintaining immune memory for the production of the desired antibody;
• It stimulates the immune system.

C-reactive protein has several types:

• The polymer protein: 5 consists of various components and is synthesized by the liver as needed.
• The monomeric protein: consists of only one unit, and the protein has a high mobility rate and activating immunity and synthesis of biological compounds.

In acute inflammation within the multidimensional protein dissolves and passes in monomeric form, providing a more effective action on the hearth pathologies.

C-reactive marker at higher values ​​have a negative effect on the condition of vessels, as it violates the lipid metabolism and contributes to the accumulation of harmful cholesterol on the artery walls.

The synthesis of C-reactive protein may affect:

• bacteria;
• viruses;
• yeast and fungi;
• various injuries;
• operations carried out;
• allergens;
• chemical substances;
• inflammation of internal organs due to their tissue damage;
• malignancies;
• diseases of the vascular system and the heart;
• autoimmune disease.

Indications for analysis

C-reactive protein - it is a compound which is capable within a few hours to display the development of the pathology before the onset of her symptoms. The maximum concentration of the marker is detected in the blood 24 hours after ingestion of harmful bacteria or cell death in tissues.

Assay for C-reactive protein is carried out at:

• suspected problems of the cardiovascular system;
• assessment of the possible development of a stroke or heart attack;
• the development of cerebral ischemia or heart muscle;
• diagnosing coronary syndrome;
• control of the prescribed treatment;
• monitoring systems of the body in the postoperative period, and after diseases which may cause complications;
• diagnosis of tumors;
• identification of bacterial or viral infection of the patient.

Separate groups of patients require a monthly monitoring of protein levels in conjunction with other vital signs.

These groups include people:

• suffering from diabetes;
• with hypertension;
• the elderly;
• athletes;
• abusing alcohol and tobacco.

In some cases, the situation may arise when a person is healthy, but a high level of protein.

These situations include:

• the early period of gestation;
• breastfeeding;
• the use of hormonal methods.

Norm indicators for children, men and women over the age of

C-reactive protein - a measure, the normal level of which may vary for several reasons.

These factors include:

• the patient's age;
• in the chronic stage of the disease;
• general physical condition.

Normal levels of C-reactive protein in the blood is considered:

The patients	Protein Concentration, mg / l
newborn babies	Not more than 10
Children up to 16 years	No more than 5
adult men
adult women

A separate group includes pregnant women:

gestation term trimesters	Protein Concentration, mg / l
The first	Not more than 10
Second	0,5-20,3
Third	0,5-8,3

When active physical exercise, protein levels can increase up to values ​​of 50-60 mg / l. This concentration is taken as the norm, if, within a few hours it reaches the limit of 15 mg / l.

Smokers people acceptable values ​​of C-reactive protein are considered to be indicators of 15-20 mg / l.

Preparation for analysis

Collection of biological material for analysis must take in the morning, up to 11 hours. The procedure should be carried out strictly on an empty stomach.

To exclude the analysis of errors, it is recommended to follow certain rules in preparation for blood donation:

• per day is necessary to exclude tonic drinks containing caffeine, coffee, tea and energy;
• the last meal should be no later than 15 hours before blood collection;
• not to drink alcohol for 24 hours prior to analysis;
• 4 hours before the procedure should stop smoking;
• exclude active exercise for 48 hours prior to analysis;
• refuse to visit a sauna or a hot bath for 10 hours before the procedure.

When stimulated reception drugs or transferred before surgical interventions should notify the therapist to delivery of the analysis.

Terms of preparation for the delivery of biological material are the same for all ages of people.

As the analysis

C-reactive protein - it is a proteinaceous compound which is found even in small concentrations. The material used for the analysis of blood serum. The protein content is determined in a photometer. This device is able to measure the protein concentration below 0.4 mg / l.

Biomaterial taken from a vein in the crook of the elbow:

1. The puncture handle antiseptic.
2. Pinch Harness elbow vein above to ensure a good blood coming into the lower part of the hand brake and its outflow.
3. The patient has several seconds to compress and decompress a fist, to enhance blood flow to the lower veins.
4. Specialist conventional syringe or special vacuum system inserts a needle into a large vessel and dials the desired number of venous blood.
5. After taking place of material treated puncture antiseptic.
6. The patient flexes the elbow and hold it down for a few minutes to stop the bleeding.

Blood test takes 30 minutes. to 1 hour.

Ultrasensitive test for the detection of CRP

The most accurate method is immunoturbodimetrii using biomaterial as venous blood, not the serum. The method relies on particle property of transmitting light.

In principle used immunoturbodimetrii interaction injected reagent with the antibody contained in the blood. As the formation of reagent-modified protein of the complex light scattering properties of the solution and its optical density. These changes are recorded photometer. As reagents are used to accelerate the reaction latex reagents based on polystyrene.

Ultrasensitive tests for quantification of protein have the smallest range is set to: from 0 to 1 mg / l, which allows to evaluate the risks of diseases in the future and to hold them prevention time.

Decoding results

Standard Analysis for C-reactive protein in the table stands for a physician:

CRP, mg / l	Assessment and Implications
0-1	The patient is healthy.
1-3	The result is included in the normal range.
3-10	protein values ​​increased. In the body, the patient developed mild stage of inflammation or disease of the cardiovascular system. More research is needed to identify the localization of pathology.
more than 10	Too high level of protein. This indicates the presence of an acute stage of the disease, inflammation, or infection. Urgent need for screening and identifying focal issues for the purpose of correct treatment.
20-30	There may be a sluggish chronic illness. Also causes a level of C-reactive protein are: hepatitis; measles; chicken pox; diphtheria; tinea.
40-200	Chronic disease becomes acute phase or present significant inflammation after surgical interventions.
80-1000	This increase in the concentration of protein can cause: colitis; pneumonia; pyelonephritis; inflammatory bowel disease.
300-1000	protein level indicates tissue necrosis after a burn, heart attack or worsening of inflammation after injury. Also, this result can be caused by rheumatoid arthritis in the acute stage.

In carrying out ultrasensitive test C-reactive protein decoding results only evaluates the risk of disease:

CRP, mg / l	Assessment and Implications
0-1	The risk of cardiovascular events is low.
1-3	The risk of vascular disease and heart medium.
more than 3	Too much risk of heart and vascular pathologies.

Why elevated levels of C-reactive protein - a bad thing?

C-reactive protein - it is a biological substance which is produced by the liver not only in the preparation of injuries or human infection, but also in the long chronic inflammation when the body undergoes physiological stress.

A number of diseases in the early stages occur without explicit symptoms:

• Pre-stroke conditions;
• obesity;
• prehypertension;
• diabetes;
• hypotension;
• thrombophlebitis;
• tuberculosis;
• periodontal disease;

but increased in the blood concentration of the protein indicates their presence.

Also, high levels of C-reactive protein in the body stimulates growth of high density lipoproteins, which are fixed to the vessel walls and form cholesterol plaques.

With minor inflammation protein capable attenuate insulin action in muscle that leads to a lack of oxygen therein, and nutrients. When this muscle fiber atrophy.

How does the level of C-reactive protein in different diseases

C-reactive protein varies depending on the type and severity of the disease. The decision to reduce its level should be taken only to the therapist.

CRP in infections

Protein plays an important role in infectious human infection. It is capable of activating natural protective barriers of the body, stimulate the immune system and inhibit reproduction operation bacterial or viral organisms.

protein levels during infection in various different antigens:

• Viruses: from 10 to 45 mg / l.
• Bacteria from 50 to 210 mg / l.

Upon infection makrobakteriyami levels of C-reactive protein can reach 300-500 mg / l.

CRP in cardiovascular diseases

This blood marker at elevated values ​​provokes the development of atherosclerosis and decreased elasticity of the vessel walls. The level values ​​thus range from 7 to 15 mg / l.

According to the protein concentration estimated risk of death from heart attack or stroke. To do this, you must pass a highly sensitive test for protein determination.

CRP with high blood pressure

Protein at high levels in the blood reduces the lumen of blood vessels, changing the elasticity of their walls. This leads to increased blood pressure. The systematic increase its level of C-reactive protein is kept within 10-100 mg / liter.

CRP and metabolic syndrome

Metabolic syndrome is directly associated with increased protein levels.

Marker increases its value with an increase in:

• fat;
• amount of triglyceride particles;
• blood glucose.

CRP with obesity

At disturbances of lipid metabolism in the levels of C-reactive protein increase. The man begins to suffer from excess weight, then it is diagnosed obesity.

According to the fluctuation of protein in the blood nutritionists calculate a diet with some caloric content, as well as pick up a treatment regimen for the normalization of metabolic processes in the body.

CRP stroke

High concentrations of this protein arises during the development of Pre-stroke conditions or stroke. protein level is associated with the stage of disease and the severity of its course.

At a protein concentration of 1 to 3 mg / l is to monitor the status of the heart and blood vessels, since it indicates a possible problem in the future.

CRP with sleep apnea

In chronic suspension of breathing during sleep the concentration of C-reactive protein increased. And saved to eliminate oxygen starvation medical methods.

CRP with lupus erythematosus

Marker values ​​of blood has peaks on the development of autoimmune diseases. It is able to output the accumulated dead cells from the body and to reduce autoimmunity. Thereafter, the protein level drops significantly, and do not exceed values ​​of 10 mg / l. In this acute phase of tissue and organ inflammation occurs with obvious symptoms.

To normalize the status of the patient is necessary to raise the level of C-reactive protein to a concentration of 50 mg / l.

CRP rheumatoid arthritis

Most of the protein concentration observed in inflamed areas of the joints. protein level can be held in the range 100-300 mg / l, which indicates the development of acute inflammation.

By reducing arthritis symptoms levels of C-reactive protein is also reduced.

DRR with gum disease (periodontitis)

With the destruction of bone tissue in the oral cavity protein level increases. With further progression of the disease and the concentration of protein increases. With adequate treatment of periodontal disease, the level of C-reactive protein decreases by 1 mg / l.

CRP in inflammatory bowel disease

The content of protein in the blood significantly increases bowel diseases. protein level is kept at a certain level and does not depend on the severity of the disease.

Suspected intestinal inflammation appears during prolonged obtaining values ​​of C-reactive protein in the range of 1-5 mg / l.

CRP with fatigue

C-reactive protein - it is a substance which is produced by the liver even at low stress load on the body. In the event of fatigue or weakness in limbs value of C-reactive protein levels are slightly increased in the range 2-7 mg / l.

CRP in depression

Depressive syndrome causes the body to produce "bad" hormones and slow the synthesis of the hormone of happiness. Such a condition activates the enhanced production of protein for blocking the adverse effects of these substances.

CRP with macular degeneration

Macular degeneration is called problems in recognizing objects that fall into the center of the visual field in which the blood supply to the eye is broken. In this case the marker level becomes greater than 3 mg / l.

CRP in dementia

Increased levels of C-reactive protein is closely associated with the development of dementia in people over 50 years. This phenomenon occurs due to the destruction of nerve connections in the brain and oxygen starvation of cells as a result of vasoconstriction.

CRP cancer

Long inflammation of tissue keeps the protein concentration at the critical values ​​for the body. This provokes the growth of cells and their transformation into malignant tumors.

High levels of C-reactive protein contributes to the development of cancer in inflammation:

• stomach;
• lungs;
• leather;
• ovaries;
• colon.

When the tumor lesions protein concentration for a long time more than 10 mg / l.

Factors that increase the level of C-reactive protein

Increasing the protein concentration due to some external factors:

Factor	Reasons for increasing C-reactive protein	Average protein levels, mg / l
Sleep disturbance	protein levels rise due to the mismatch of natural biorhythms and human disturbances releasing hormone melatonin and tsitoksina.	more than 3
Smoking	Nicotine and substances released during smoldering tobacco, destroy lung cells, which provokes the appearance microtraumas vessels in the respiratory system and of inflammations of the lung tissue.	Over 100. By increasing the area of ​​tissue damage, increases the level of C-reactive protein.
Saturated fatty acids and trans fats	Ingestion of such compounds stimulates the production of hydrochloric acid amplified human stomach, which causes mucosal inflammation. The liver is not able to filter and break down this amount of fatty compounds, so it begin to form gaps and multiple inflammation.	10-300
Deficiency of vitamins	Lack of vitamins D, A and K disrupts the work of the cardiovascular system and the musculoskeletal system. This activates processes of early aging and destruction of bone and vessel walls.	5-15
Stress	Large release of adrenaline and noradrenaline hormones, glucocorticoids, catecholamines, and prolactin inhibit nerve impulses sent to the brain. To ensure strong neural connections immune system begins to synthesize C-reactive protein.	200-300
Socio - economic factors	Social and economic inequality makes people stress and disturbances in the sleep cycle. Hormonal imbalance is increased, which leads to increased blood levels of the marker.	200-300
Substance abuse (drug addiction)	C-reactive protein increased with increasing load on the liver due to her hard work on the removal of alcohol from the body.	more than 100
Height above sea level	Lack of oxygen at high altitude causes systemic inflammation, and protein in the blood rise.	more than 10
intense cold	When exposed to low temperatures body lumen of blood vessels decreases, which leads to hypothermia, the development of inflammation and cell starvation.	more than 200

Hormones that affect CRP

At the protein level rise will also affect development of some human hormones.

leptin

This hormone is associated with an increase in body weight.In the event of obesity is elevated, It is causing reciprocal immune response in the form of increasing the concentration of C-reactive protein in the blood.

Estrogen

Supplementing this hormone and increased its production in postmenopausal increases the protein level.

melatonin

With insufficient release of this hormone in the blood level of blood markers is greatly increased.

Cytokines TNF, IL-1b, IL-6, IL-17

Interleukins and cytokines regulate the content of C-reactive protein in the blood. When exposed to UV-radiation body or the use of steroid hormones tsitoksinov level rises, which stimulates the production of protein.

Lifestyle to reduce CRP

To maintain low levels of protein and reducing the risk of diseases is necessary to reduce the stress level of the organism.

To reduce the concentration of the marker should:

• Exercise regularly.

The energy required per week to reduce the protein should not exceed 1200 kcal.

• Gradually reduce body weight.

Proper and long reduction in the percentage of fat in the body reduces the production of the marker.

• Balanced feed.

A sufficient amount of essential trace elements and vitamins reduces the risk of inflammation of the digestive system and the concentration of C-reactive protein.

• Renounce the use of alcohol and tobacco products.

Exception ingestion of harmful compounds decreases the protein level.

• Reduce stress.

To normalize the emotional state should use meditation, yoga, or special breathing exercises.

• Regularly have sex.

Release of hormones of pleasure during sexual intercourse regulate the menstrual cycle and the level of male hormones. This avoids the gynecological and urological health problems.

Vitamins and minerals that reduce levels of C-reactive protein

Eating certain substances reduces the concentration of a marker of inflammation.

Such compounds include:

• Vitamin D;
• vitamin A;
• vitamin K;
• vitamin E;
• a nicotinic acid;
• folic acid;
• beta-carotene;
• selenium;
• magnesium;
• calcium;
• chromium;
• acetylsalicylic acid;
• Omega-3 fatty acids;
• cellulose;
• probiotics.

Medications that reduce CRP

The list of medications that reduce blood marker of inflammation:

• Aspirin;
• celecoxib;
• Klopidoprel;
• ezetimibe;
• Niktotinovaya acid;
• abciximab;
• pioglitazone;
• fosinopril;
• Ramipril.

Products to lower CRP levels

Protein concentration is able to reduce:

• coffee;
• green tea;
• sea ​​fish;
• eggs;
• cocoa;
• avocado;
• carrot;
• citrus;
• nuts;
• pepper;
• broccoli;
• sorrel;
• watermelon;
• garlic;
• lentils;
• buckwheat;
• olive oil;
• cherry;
• honey.

Traditional recipes for the normalization of CRP

• A warm bath with wormwood.

800 g of dry Artemisia are boiled in 3 L water, followed by addition of the resulting solution in a bath of warm water. Take a bath needs about 20 minutes.

• Nettle infusion.

Young leaves of nettle poured 300 ml of boiling water and infused for 1 hour. The resulting solution should be consumed within a day.

• The infusion of marshmallow root.

The crushed root is added 250 ml of boiling water and infused for 10-12 hours. The resulting infusion is necessary to use during the day.

Increased concentrations of C-reactive protein in the blood signals the beginning of inflammation or infection of the organism. Monitoring this marker of inflammation, and examination of the body must be carried out at least 1 time per year. These manipulations will help eliminate the risk of many diseases and to conduct their preventive maintenance in a timely manner.

Author: Anna Shalunova

Registration of the article: Mila Friedan

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