Allergy skin. Photos in adults, blisters on the face, hands, body, dry skin, irritation. Treatment

Allergy - a reaction of the immune system to external stimuli. Most often, this pathology manifests skin changes in the state (rash, itching, swelling), at least a runny nose and lacrimation increased. The nature of symptoms in adults and children depends on the type of disease. This article presents the photo for a better visual perception of the appearance of the disease.

Causes of skin allergies in adults

Upon contact with the allergen or when placed in the body, the immune system produces antibodies specific. Their task is to define localization and the acceleration of the withdrawal of the pathogen. It is manifested by itching, swelling, runny nose.

An allergic reaction develops under the influence of these factors and causes:

pathology Causes	concomitant factor
Violation of the functioning of the digestive tract	When the improper operation of the digestive tract food can not completely break down into components. Not broken connection perceived by the body as foreign substances, thereby developing an allergy.	Ecological situation	The presence of industries with harmful emissions, a large number of vehicles. The digestive tract is better absorbed by fruits and vegetables, appropriate climate human habitation. Products coming from abroad, are often perceived by the body as foreign substances. Food. Depending on the state of immunity allergic reaction may cause any fruit, vegetable or ready meal. Medications. The components of drugs can have an aggressive nature of the allergen. Household products through direct contact or through utensils, linen, and via air particles. Various natural stimuli (sun rays, cold air, pollen) Animals and insects (hair, bites, saliva). Synthetic clothing and jewelry of allergenic metals.
Violation of the regime and diet	If you frequently use fast-food or in violation of the periodicity of meals deteriorating functioning of the digestive tract.	The use of imported food
Increased sterility in everyday life	In the complete absence of contact with potential pathogens allergies and other diseases of the immune system is not fully formed and glitches at the slightest violation of its functioning.	Contact us or use allergen
hereditary predisposition	In the presence of allergies from their parents the chance of developing diseases in children is increasing.
The presence of parasitic infection	Parasites provoke increased production of allergen antibodies. As a result, in contact with an allergen or after contact with him, exhibits enhanced reaction.
Frequent stressful situations	If a malfunction in the nervous system disrupted the activities of the digestive tract and immune system. As a result, it increases the likelihood of developing allergic symptoms.

To prevent the development of allergic reaction is necessary to avoid interaction with allergens. This requires a complete examination to identify the cause. If it is impossible to eliminate a provoking factor immunologist-allergist selected individual therapeutic course.

The mechanism of occurrence of skin allergy

Allergy skin in adults, a photo which shows the severity of the symptoms, occurs due to external exposure to allergens in the covers. Activators of this reaction can serve substances and compounds, that the immune system (often due to a failure) determined by foreign bodies. The aim is to destroy the allergic response and the output of foreign substances.

Stages of development of an allergic reaction:

1. Familiarity with the allergen. The first contact or contact with the causative agent of an allergic reaction does not occur. At this stage immunity recognizes as a foreign substance and the carrier body to danger. Runs produce antibodies to protect against the pathogen.
2. Re-entering the allergen. In the immune system already have antibodies to the destruction of the foreign substance. Is their release to the pathogen localization zone. The reaction is accompanied by a further increase in blood flow in the affected area and extending capillaries for faster delivery "defense-cells" (histamine, leukocytes and macrophages). The action of immune cells triggers a rash, itching, swelling. Allergic symptoms ceased after the destruction of the pathogen and the withdrawal from the body.
3. Oversupply of allergen. Develops during prolonged contact with the pathogen or when a large amount. This causes an increase in symptoms of the disease. Because of the strong amplification of edema or skin damage violation occurs functioning organism. Required medical treatment.

An allergic reaction is useful if the pathogen contains a real threat to the body. But in most cases it is harmless compounds do not carry any particular risk. But the symptoms of allergies often cause deadly threat. Therefore, the disease requires therapeutic intervention.

Types and symptoms of skin allergy

An allergic reaction on the skin can be expressed by the following manifestations.

itch

Itching can occur not only on the skin but also in mucous. This symptom is manifested by an irresistible urge to comb center cluster allergen. Pruritus is accompanied by breach of the integrity of the epidermis (redness, swelling, blisters).

Itchy eyes and nasal cavity causes a feeling cramps, burning sensation, and the presence of sand on the mucosa. It may be accompanied by increased lacrimation and sneezing. With the localization of the allergen in the throat, itching, manifested in the form of a tickle, discomfort and coughing. May increase salivation. Intensity of itching depends on the severity of the allergic reaction.

Rash

Rash - a change in the area of ​​skin or mucosal tissue in texture, color and appearance.

Rash in allergic reactions can take many forms:

• in the form of point hemorrhages under the skin;
• in the form of small pimples;
• blisters with content transparent fluid or pus;
• papules of different diameters and with different shades of red;
• slight redness of skin followed by peeling.

Rash has no clear outlines, can be accompanied by swelling and itching. Localized rashes can anywhere on the body or the whole skin.

Redness

Redness of the epidermis and mucous develops due to the expansion of capillaries and increase blood supply to the hearth accumulation of allergens. It may be accompanied by a feeling of heat in the art and itching.

Edema

Swelling appears excessive accumulation of fluid in the tissues. When a symptom of an allergic reaction provokes an increase of the affected organ more than 2 times. Edema internal organs or tissues of the respiratory system possibly fatal. Therefore, the present manifestation of the allergic reaction is the most dangerous.

Contact dermatitis

Allergic to the skin in adults (photos allow you to visually compare and determine the form of the disease) can develop in the external contact with the allergen.

The disease can occur in two forms:

• sharp. Symptomatology pronounced. Accompanied by increased redness and swelling of the epidermis. Develops with occasional contact with the agent.
• chronic. It is shown at the regular interaction with the allergen. Swelling of the skin may be omitted, and the formation and become more dense flaky structure.

Major signs of contact dermatitis (formation occur at the site of allergen contact with the skin):

• changes in skin tone from pink to bright red;
• Increased dryness and peeling of the epidermis;
• the presence of a different nature rashes, pimples from small to large-diameter blisters with liquid contents. As the pathology possible formations gap with the content terminal. Further the crust;
• on-site rash swelling is present;
• rash accompanied by itching intensified.

At necropsy appearance of blisters or cracks due to dryness may accession infection and deterioration of flow pathologies. Contact dermatitis is possible due to exposure to sunlight or low temperatures. This cause of the disease can not be eliminated, requiring regular use of medications.

medication

Contact dermatitis therapy depends on the shape of flow pathologies. If manifested acute form, the symptoms can go on their own within 2-3 days after removal of the allergen. Drug treatment is required when pronounced symptoms.

The chronic form of the disease requires the use of drugs which are selected individually, as the patient's disease and neglect.

Medications that are used to eliminate the disease:

• antihistamines (Zodak, Suprastin, Zyrtec);
• anti-inflammatory and wound healing ointments and creams (Panthenol, Bepanten, Desitin);
• hormonal agents (Celestoderm, Akriderm, Advantan).

treatment of complex appointed a dermatologist. Produce independent replacement equipment (in the presence of intolerance or contraindication components) is prohibited.

Folk remedies

Taking medicines can be combined with traditional medicine prescriptions (after consultation with the attending specialist). Ointments, herbal teas and infusions are used to eliminate swelling, inflammation and itching. And they accelerate the recovery process of the skin and prevent the ingress of infection in the existing open wounds caused by the disease.

Recommended recipes:

• taking baths with addition of camomile infusions, calendula or oak bark. The proportions are selected individually (skin type and nature of its damage);
• chronic formation (chronic form) can be mitigated and decontaminated with the use of sea buckthorn oil;
• fresh juice of potato or cucumber helps to relieve itching by applying them to the center of the rash.

You can handle the affected area or take a bath with a weak solution of potassium permanganate. The procedure is carried out carefully. Since a high concentration of the drug may cause a burn.

General recommendations

After confirming contact dermatitis specialist is required to eliminate the interaction of an allergen with the skin (if possible). Accidental contact of agent with the epidermis is recommended thorough washing of the damaged area with soap and water. But only if the soap is not an allergen. Next is the use of medicines prescribed by a doctor.

Hives

An allergic reaction on the skin accompanied by rash, visually similar to burn from stinging nettle leaves. The disease can occur in both adults and children, after eating the food allergen or external interactions. Determine the pathology can be on their own, without consulting with a specialist and without photos, characterizing the disease.

Symptoms accompanying pathology, also similar to the sting. Pink or red blisters are accompanied by severe itching. He can appear before the rash. With strong scratching at wounds can pass the infection, making it difficult for the disease.

medication

Treatment with drugs administered after diagnosing the cause of the disease. The composition of medicines may include substances cause an allergic reaction that will only aggravate the disease.

The drugs used to eliminate hives:

• adsorbents (activated carbon, Polysorb) are used in the food exciter;
• antihistamines (Suprastin, Fenkarol, Claritin);
• oral and external means for removing an itch and restoration of the epidermis (levorin, Lorinden, Panthenol);
• hormonal medicines (dexamethasone, prednisolone, sinaflana).

In the acute form of urticaria symptoms of food recommended treatment in the hospital, as the disease can affect the internal organs in the form of edema.

Folk remedies

To eliminate urticaria permitted combination of popular ways with taking medication (after consultation with the physician or dermatologist).

Folk remedies:

• applying to the locus rashes compresses 15-30 min infusion of chamomile, oak and nettles (sold in pharmacies);
• drinking juice of celery 15 ml 4 times a day, will prevent the development of urticaria and strengthen the immune system;
• bathing add a decoction of celandine leaves, valerian or succession. Concentration is adjusted individually;
• steamed in 400 ml of boiling water 40 g nettle. The resulting infusion divided into 4 portions. Consumed during the day. It can also be used to compress or lotion to the affected area to relieve the itching and accelerate regeneration of the epidermis.

The components included in the folk remedies may also provoke urticaria development. Before their use is recommended to carry out the test reaction.

General recommendations

Urticaria often manifested in reduced immunity, so experts recommended rejection of bad habits, intake of vitamin complexes and frequent exposure to fresh air. In the primary rash prohibited self-treatment, to identify the allergen.

In addition, it recommended the use of sedatives, as urticaria often develops as a result of nervous strain.

Eczema

Allergic to the skin in adults (photos eczema characterizes the disease in various forms and stages) requires timely medical treatment.

Eczema, flowing forms:

• true;
• microbial;
• disgidroticheskaya;
• seborrheic;
• tiloticheskaya;
• professional;
• sycosiform;
• children.

Each form passes 6 stages of development:

1. under the action of the allergen inflammatory portions formed on skin that gradually combined;
2. on inflamed epidermis produces small dense formations with a bright red color;
3. bubbles appear in formations with clear content, accompanied by itching;
4. gradually bubbles burst with the withdrawal of liquid form and erosions;
5. liquid dries to form a kind of cake, which is formed under a new layer of the epidermis;
6. peeling and falling off the crusts.

After removing crusts new skin dry and inelastic, that provokes, without treatment measures, the formation of cracks.

medication

In order to eliminate the symptoms of eczema using complex medical treatment in compliance with the diet.

Prescribe drugs:

• antihistamines (activastine, Suprastin, Clemastine);
• hormonal agents (prednisolone, beclomethasone, Kenakort);
• for removing strong itching (Nitrazepam, Chlorpromazine);
• in the presence of bacterial infection appointed antibacterial ointment (erythromycin, Levomekol, Baneotsin);
• during viral Nature used antifungals outdoor use (Akriderm, Batrafen, Orungal);
• diuretic drugs (furosemide);
• sedatives (Leonurus, valerian);
• in severe formulations used (intravenously) to output toxins (calcium gluconate, magnesium sulfate).

Additionally assigned a course of vitamins of group B. The adoption of the bath to eliminate rashes prohibited. Complex drugs is determined by the form and stage of the disease.

Folk remedies

To eliminate rashes and ease symptoms, treatment can be carried out in conjunction with the folk therapy. Only after consultation with a dermatologist.

Authorized agent:

• if there are lesions on the hands or feet, they may be dipped in a basin with hot water with sea salt (concentration adjusted individually). Keep up the cooling water. Next, wipe dry the skin and treat moisturizer (without cosmetic additives);
• treating the affected area cucumber brine. It will stop the development of lesions and accelerate the recovery process of the epidermis;
• compresses grape gruel (use dark varieties). The procedure is carried out once a day for 3 hours, no more than 20 days.

For prevention of infection use lotions from broth chamomile, celandine, calendula.

General recommendations

When the first signs of eczema should immediately consult a dermatologist. Only a specialist can find the right course and complex drugs. Be sure to stick to a diet and take vitamin complexes. Additionally recommended timely process revealed the bubbles to prevent the infection hit, and do not remove the crusts on their own. They will disappear by themselves.

toksikodermiya

Allergic to the skin in adults (Photo allows you to visually determine the severity of each type of allergic disease) at toksikodermii develops after exposure of the allergen into the body. The reaction on the skin occurs as a result of its spread through the circulatory system. The disease affects not only the epidermis, but also slimy.

This form of allergy is divided into subspecies:

• spotted;
• papular;
• vesicular;
• pustular;
• bullous;
• Lyell's syndrome;
• Stevens-Johnson syndrome.

The last 2 of the disease are the most dangerous subtypes of the disease. Often are fatal.

The main symptoms are:

• formation of blisters on the skin of different diameters with liquid contents (can be purulent nature);
• severe itching;
• in lesions of mucous unbearable burning occurs;
• temperature rise.

They may be affected mucous internal organs, which causes a disturbance in the whole organism. When toxicoderma skin may complete rejection of the upper layers of the epidermis. Treatment of diseases (particularly severe) is performed in a hospital.

medication

Treatment of this disease is selected individually in the form of leakage.

Used medicines:

• antiseptics for preventing infection attachment (zinc and salicylic ointment);
• adsorbents (activated charcoal);
• itch relief (betamethasone, flumethasone);
• diuretics and laxatives to accelerate the elimination of toxins (Furosemide, Dufalac);
• hormonal (Prednisolone, Dexamethasone);
• for restoring mucosal (Miramistin, Strepsils).

In severe forms may require blood purification. It is important to observe the dietary food and do not eat food allergens.

Folk remedies

If there toksikodermii not recommended to use the popular recipes. There is an increased likelihood of developing allergic reactions to grass, and other components.

General recommendations

At suspicion of toksikodermii recommended immediate treatment to the nearest hospital, as the disease risk of developing serious complications. Next to comply strictly with the reception of prescription medications and dietary food.

neurodermatitis

Atopic dermatitis develops due to nervous stress or overload is often chronic.

The main symptoms of disease are:

• rash from pink to red color;
• intense itching, worse at night;
• increased peeling epidermis lesion;
• swelling in the areas of rash.

This disease are more prone to children from 2 to 18 years.

medication

The main drugs to relieve symptoms are:

• antihistaminic drugs (Suprastin, Fenistil, Zodak);
• antipruritic ointments (Bepanten, Sinalar, Dermoveyt);
• sedatives (motherwort, tenoten, Valerian).

  

In severe forms of occurrence are assigned hormonal treatments for age.

Folk remedies

Treatment is recommended to be combined with traditional medicine. After consultation with the attending specialist.

List of recipes:

• receiving evening baths decoctions of herbs (chamomile, marigold or oregano);
• rubbing scaly formations swine or goose fat;
• packs of cakes with blue clay.

Additionally, you can use infusions and decoctions of soothing herbs. Preferably in the evening.

General recommendations

To prevent the development of neurodermatitis recommended:

• observe the regime of work and rest;
• nutrition;
• Avoid nervous overloads;
• do not eat food allergens are clear.

Upon detection of pathology comply destination specialist. Eliminating self.

angioedema

Angioedema is characterized by a sharp increase in the volume of tissue affected by an allergen. Most often the disease affects the front part and the larynx, but possibly damage internal organs. Together with edema affected organ becomes more dense and pale. Allergy is accompanied by a burning sensation and discomfort. Itching and pain are usually absent.

With the localization of the pathogen in the respiratory tract may develop breathlessness and death, without timely medical assistance.

medication

Symptomatology angioedema fixes the following medicines:

• antihistamines (Suprastin, Fenkarol, Tavegil);
• diuretics (furosemide).

  

It is crucial to provide first aid until the ambulance:

• ensure a flow of fresh air;
• eliminate oppressive garments and possible allergies;
• pour under the tongue Prednisolone or Dexamethasone (they reduce swelling);
• in edema region make ice;
• possibly administered orally or intramuscularly antihistamine.

If the victim can talk, ask him what medicines are appointed by the attending specialist.

Folk remedies

Experts do not recommend the use of popular recipes in this form of allergy. Components infusions, tinctures, and ointments can cause allergic reactions. It is important to comply with the diet. Explicit food allergens are eliminated.

General recommendations

If there is the probability of allergic reactions and Quincke edema development recommended to have available antihistamines and instructions for first aid. If possible, completely eliminate the possibility of contact with the allergen.

Allergies can have light and heavy flowing form. But even in the mild form may impair the activity of organs and systems. Photos can visually assess the severity of different types of allergic reactions. The first symptom is more likely to be skin rash with the appearance of puffiness and itching. Pathology requires timely examination and treatment in adults and children.

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Author: Svetlana Kotlyachkova