1 General information

In humans, the gastrointestinal tract consists of different departments and organs. Passing gradually along all its components, the eaten food is split, digested and processed by secrets, which secrete glands located in different organs and departments of the digestive tract. Thanks to such a complex system of internal processing, useful substances enter the bloodstream and are gradually spread during circulation throughout the body.

Slags and other unsuitable components of eaten foods and dishes are gradually eliminated from the body through the intestine and anal and urethra duringcoping with natural needs.

Due to illness of an organ or digestive tract, the digestive process is disrupted. Poor digestibility of food leads to the fact that the human body is not receiving the necessary useful substances. The general condition of the body is significantly deteriorating, diseases of various organs and systems can start.

A specific diet is selected for each patient strictly individually. The diet and diet are compiled by a dietician according to the instructions of the attending physician.

Diseases of the stomach or other digestive organs often start for such reasons as:

• improper diet;
• constant overeating;
• excessive use of irritating food;
• continued stress;
• smoking;
• addiction to alcoholic beverages.

2 Principles of diet

There are basic principles of dietary nutrition in diseases of the gastrointestinal tract. First of all, this is a fractional food. In this case, the daily ration is divided into several portions. They are consumed little by little during the day. Basically, this food, divided into 5-6 meals. In some cases, the number of servings may be increased.

The next important point is the temperature of food and drinks. Do not use very hot or very cold foods. A very high or low temperature of consumed food strongly irritates the gastrointestinal tract, causing the activation of painful processes. Therefore it is better to eat dishes and drinks in a warm form.

Proper digestion depends on a thorough chewing of food. Therefore it is better to eat soft food. Food is put in the mouth in small pieces and swallowed only in a thoroughly masticated state.

3 Power mode

It's better to start the next meal after the appearance of physiological hunger. As a rule, the feeling of hunger appears at a time when the stomach and other digestive organs are ready to take a new portion of food. This starts active salivation.

In the process of chewing, there is also a primary flavoring of the consumed products with saliva. This is the initial stage of digestion of food. To improve the functioning of salivary glands located in the oral cavity, you need to drink the required amount of fluid during the day. For 60 minutes before the next meal you need to drink 200 ml of warm water.

Food in the soup adversely affects the organs of the gastrointestinal tract. Therefore, during and after food, it is necessary to drink the consumed food with sufficient quantity of warm boiled water, tea or other drink permitted by the doctor. Strict adherence to the dietary regime will help ensure easy assimilation of consumed foods.

4 Correct diet

Proper nutrition in case of gastrointestinal tract disease is necessary for a speedy recovery. During the remission of the disease, which has passed into a chronic form, with the permission of the doctor, the patient may include in the diet some of the usually prohibited foods and / or dishes.

Well-designed dietary diet will help to speed up the elimination of almost all manifestations of diseases of the digestive organs. When it is compiled necessarily take into account the clinical picture of the disease, the presence of concomitant diseases, the general condition of the body and other factors.

As a result, a balanced menu of acceptable dishes is made. The products used for their preparation will help to ensure that the body receives the necessary energy value, a set of vitamins, minerals and other useful and vital substances.

5 Annoying food

Diet in diseases of the gastrointestinal tract requires the exclusion from the diet of irritating foods and foods. These include:

• spices and spices;
• sharp products;
• smoked meat;
• fatty meat and / or fish;
• fatty milk and dairy products;
• fried food;
• coffee and strong tea;
• carbonated beverages;
• fast food.

When choosing a product in the store, you need to make sure that it does not include ingredients such as:

• food colors;
• flavorings;
• thickeners;
• preservatives;
• chemical additives.

6 Therapeutic starvation

With complete loss of appetite caused by diseases of the digestive system, therapeutic starvation is recommended. The duration of a complete refusal of food is usually no more than one and a half days.

After this period, the food begins to be consumed in small portions. Initially, the diet includes liquid porridge from rice or oatmeal cooked on the water. For dessert, usually loose tea with a cracker or dried wheat flour is allowed.

When the patient's condition improves a little, he is allowed to add to the diet sour-milk products, vegetable puree, boiled meat or fish. Such a diet should be maintained at least 3 days after the end of the curative hunger strike. Then the patient is prescribed a sparing diet.

7 Gentle diet

In some cases, a gentle diet should be observed for gastrointestinal diseases. At its appointment it is necessary to apply certain ways of preparation of the products resolved to the use.

Cooking is allowed in such ways as:

• baking;
• boiling;
• steaming.

The main dishes allowed with a sparing diet are soups, broths and cereals, cooked in low-fat milk or on water. The consistency of these dishes is preferably semi-liquid and / or puree. For dessert, it is recommended to cook jelly from the permitted natural fruits and berries.

For better digestion of food, you need to consume enough fluids throughout the day. The usual norm is 200 ml hourly. These can be juices, allowed to eat, decoctions of medicinal plants or simply boiled water. Drinks should be drunk slowly, making small sips. The swallowed fluid is absorbed much worse.

To ensure the necessary amount of trace elements, you need to include in the diet compote of dried fruits such as dried apricots, raisins or prunes. You can also prepare a decoction of carrots or potatoes, pre-ground on a large grater.

Porridges cooked on water or on milk, are very useful in diseases of the digestive tract. For their preparation, the following are usually used:

• mango;
• rice;
• oatmeal( cereal or cereal);
• buckwheat.

Porridge is cooked with a minimum amount of sugar. In a ready dish you can add some natural butter.

Rice soups with rice can be prepared from vegetables. For their preparation, use of a weak meat broth is allowed. Variable combinations of ingredients allow you to create different dishes.

Before the end of cooking, vegetable oil( sunflower or olive oil) and slightly dried flour are added to the soup. You can add a little salt. From spices and spices it is better to refuse.

You can also prepare fish dishes: ear or casserole, on a garnish to which you can make a mashed potatoes.

Soups, purees and cereals should be prepared immediately before use. The prepared dish can be stored in the refrigerator for no more than 1 or 2 days. You need to eat soup and porridge daily.

From dairy products to the diet include:

• kefir;
• low-fat sour cream;
• yogurt;
• yogurt.

Very low-fat cottage cheese is very useful. It can be mixed with dried fruits, baked apples or bananas. You must cut the added fruits with small pieces.

Vegetables should be boiled in the usual way or steamed. You can use bread crumbs to bake vegetables.

The most useful are:

• zucchini;
• cauliflower;
• broccoli;
• carrots;
• potatoes;
• squash;
• pumpkin;
• celery;
• parsley and / or dill greens.

Fruit approved for use is:

• apples( stewed or baked);
• bananas;
• pears;
• melon;
• watermelon.

It is forbidden to eat such diseases in the gastrointestinal diseases as:

• white cabbage;
• fresh onion;
• aubergines;
• citrus fruits;
• juice of apples and grapes.

8 A little bit about bad habits

Bad habits - smoking and the use of alcoholic drinks - negatively influence the organism at treatment of diseases of the digestive tract. Therefore, they should refuse or reduce the use of nicotine and alcohol to a minimum.

Coffee should also be excluded from the diet. After all, the caffeine contained in it irritably affects the digestive organs during illness. Therefore, it is better to drink weak tea. It can be brewed with the use of medicinal herbs and / or fees. A specific option will tell a nutritionist.