Furazolidone for children. Dosage in tablets, instructions for use for diarrhea, intestinal infection, cystitis

Furazolidone is a drug that comes in the form of tablets, has antimicrobial and bacteriostatic effects.

For children, a medication is prescribed for the complex treatment of infectious diseases of bacterial etiology. The dosage and duration of therapy is determined individually and depends on the type of disease, as well as the strain of pathogenic microorganisms.

Indications for use

Furazolidone is considered a drug that belongs to the category of antioxidants and antibacterial agents. The main field of application of the drug is the fight against bacterial microflora, the pathogenic activity of which causes a painful state of the human body.

Furazolidone tablets are indicated for oral administration to adults and children, and the dosage of the drug is determined only after a preliminary examination of the patient.

The medication is used to treat the following diseases:

• an acute form of dysentery, accompanied by damage to the mucous membrane of the colon;
• poisoning with poor-quality food and water, which caused the onset of general intoxication of the body;
• all types of paratyphoid;
• Trichomonas colpitis;
• acute and chronic urethritis in men;
• giardiasis;
• salmonellosis (the drug is most effective if it is taken in the first 1-2 hours after the onset of the main symptoms of the disease).

The main feature of the antibiotic Furazolidone is that its constituent components are practically inactive in the stomach cavity. The therapeutic effect of the drug is manifested only in the intestinal cavity. In this case, the chemical composition of the drug does not undergo decomposition under the influence of the aggressive environment of gastric juice.

The table below describes in detail the main properties of Furazolidone tablets, as well as their effect on the human body.

The main properties of Furazolidone	Influence on the human body
Bacteriostatic	Furazolidone disrupts the enzymatic activity of microbes that are sensitive to its components. Despite the fact that the main spectrum of action of the antibiotic is the digestive system, the drug exhibits bacteriostatic action against Staphylococcus aureus, streptococcal infection, a whole group of gram-negative bacilli in the form of Salmonella, Shigella, Proteus, Enterobacter, Escherichia, klebsiella. The best antibacterial efficacy of the drug is manifested in the process of combating infectious microorganisms that are the causative agents of dysentery, all types of paratyphoid fever and typhoid fever. At the same time, the addiction of microbes to the active components of the drug develops very slowly.
Anti-inflammatory	As a result of the complex bacteriostatic action, Furazolidone tablets have an indirect anti-inflammatory effect. As the pathogenic infection is suppressed and normal intestinal microflora is restored, the inflammatory process in the colon and other parts of the digestive system decreases.
Protozoic	Furazolidone is one of the few medicines, the constituent components of which affect protozoal infections. These are the simplest unicellular microorganisms that parasitize the human gastrointestinal tract and tissues of other internal organs. For example, lamblia or shigella.

Indications for the use of Furazolidone should be determined by the attending infectious disease doctor, pediatrician (if a child is ill), or by a therapist for patients of the adult age category.

The appointment of the drug is carried out only after the strain of the bacterial pathogen has been isolated and its sensitivity to the active substance of the drug has been confirmed. Uncontrolled use of an antibiotic can harm the patient's health.

Compound

Furazolidone (for children, the dosage in tablets is selected individually) is a drug with a simple chemical composition, which includes the following substances:

Active ingredient

The main active ingredient of the drug is furazolidone. It is a chemical compound derived from nitrofuran. The active component of the drug is obtained from nitrofuranyl and oxazolidinone.

The action of this substance determines the main bacteriostatic, anti-inflammatory and protozoal properties of the drug. 1 tablet of Furazolidone contains at least 50 mg of the main component.

Excipients

All components of the medication, which play the role of an excipient, are contained in the tablet shell. They act as a stabilizer for the chemical composition of the drug, ensure its preservation in an aggressive medium of gastric juice, and then release the active component of Furazolidone directly in the cavity intestines.

Excipients of the medication are:

• sucrose;
• potato starch;
• calcium stearic acid;
• polysorbate;
• lactose.

The composition of the drug Furazolidone is considered completely safe and such that it causes a minimal risk of developing negative reactions of the body. Dissolution of the medication in the intestinal cavity prevents a negative effect on the gastric mucosa. This is especially important when the drug is used to treat younger children.

In what form is it produced

The main form of release of the antimicrobial agent Furazolidone is tablets with a dosage of 50 mg. Packing of the medication is carried out in blisters of 10, 20, 30, 40, 50 tablets. The main packaging of the drug is a box made of thick cardboard, inside which contains detailed instructions for the use of the drug.

The average cost of Furazolidone tablets is 105-115 rubles. Also, the drug is available in the form of granules, on the basis of which a liquid suspension is prepared for oral administration.

Pharmodynamics

Furazolidone (for children, the dosage in tablets is prescribed exclusively by a pediatrician) is effective against gram-negative and gram-positive microorganisms, but at the same time practically does not affect the causative agents of anaerobic and purulent infection. The individual resistance of microorganisms to the active component of the drug develops slowly.

The main mechanism of the bacteriostatic action of Furazolidone is to block the synthesis of monoamine oxidase. This is a kind of protein compound of bacterial microorganisms, without which their further cell division is impossible.

As a result of the action of the antibiotic, a gradual destruction of the protective shell of microbes occurs, and the biological synthesis of their nucleic acids is inhibited. The numerical population of infectious microorganisms is gradually decreasing, and the patient shows the first signs of recovery.

As the pathogenic bacteria die, the general intoxication of the body decreases. A distinctive feature of the pharmacodynamics of Furazolidone is that, unlike other nitrofurans the drug does not suppress the human immune system, but stimulates leukocytes to a greater phagocytic activity.

Pharmacokinetics

Furazolidone (for children, the dosage in tablets is determined only by the results of a preliminary examination of the gastrointestinal tract) is a drug that is well absorbed after oral administration. The main metabolism of the constituent substances of the drug occurs in the liver tissues.

As a result of the half-life of the drug, amino derivatives of metabolites are formed, 65% of which are excreted by the kidneys in the urine. The rest of the components of the drug are utilized by the body along with the feces. The drug is able to change the color shade of urine, staining it in a rich dark yellow hue.

Application for children under 18 years of age

Furazolidone is not used to treat children under the age of 1 year. The dose of the drug is calculated on an individual basis, depending on the physical development of the sick child. The appointment of the medication is carried out taking into account the fact that no more than 10 mg of the active substance Furazolidone should fall on 1 kg.

The dosage obtained according to the results of the calculations is divided into 3-4 doses, which are carried out during the day. Children of the younger age group who cannot swallow a pill, grind it to a powder state. Then the medication is dissolved in a spoonful of water. The average duration of therapy is no more than 10 days.

Contraindications

Furazolidone is considered a safe antibacterial agent that is well tolerated by most patients.

In this case, the medication has the following contraindications for use:

• the child's age is under 12 months;
• a history of chronic renal failure;
• severe liver diseases associated with the gradual destruction of its tissues (cirrhosis, intoxication or viral hepatitis, malignant neoplasms);

  

• individual sensitivity to the constituent components of antibacterial drugs based on nitrofuran;
• lack of glucose-6-dehydrogenase substance in the body;
• congenital lactose intolerance (this component is part of the protective shell of the tablets).

Depending on the type of disease, the general health of the child and the results of the diagnostic examinations, the attending pediatrician may detect other risk factors that exclude pill therapy Furazolidone.

Overdose

In case of violation of the dosage order of Furazolidone, the child develops acute intoxication of the body with the following symptoms:

• headache;
• nausea and vomiting;
• loss of appetite;
• dizziness;
• pain in the area of ​​the stomach and intestines;
• spasms in the right hypochondrium, the presence of which indicates toxic hepatitis;
• bowel disorder accompanied by diarrhea;
• cramps of the lower extremities.

When a child uses a large amount of the drug due to negligence or oversight on the part parents do not exclude loss of consciousness, the development of a coma and the onset of a lethal outcome. A patient with signs of an overdose with Furazolidone should be immediately taken to an inpatient emergency department.

Side effects

The main reason for the development of side effects is a violation of the rules for taking Furazolidone. To minimize the risk of negative reactions in the body, it is recommended to take the tablets before meals with plenty of fluids.

In general, the side properties of Furazolidone are manifested as follows:

• various kinds of allergic reactions, which are accompanied by reddening of the skin, the appearance of itching, rash, edema and signs of urticaria;
• nausea, loss of appetite, and vomiting;
• diarrhea caused by intestinal dysbiosis;
• increased gas production, rumbling in the abdomen;
• impaired liver function;
• angioedema of the larynx, accompanied by suffocation and hypoxia (which is the most severe and dangerous side effect that can lead to death).

After the manifestation of the side properties of Furazolidone, it is necessary to stop further taking the medication. If you have an acute or moderate allergic reaction, you should take an antihistamine and then contact your doctor. Dysfunction of the gastrointestinal tract also requires consultation with a specialist.

Drug interactions

Furazolidone is a drug that belongs to the pharmacological category of monoamine oxidase inhibitors. In the course of its use, the same precautions and precautions should be followed as with therapy with other drugs with monoamine oxidase inhibitors.

Medicines of the tetracycline series, as well as aminoglycosides, can enhance the antimicrobial effect of Furazolidone.

This factor must be taken into account in the process of complex antibacterial therapy with potent drugs. The simultaneous administration of Furazolidone and drugs based on ristomycin and chloramphenicol increases the likelihood of inhibition of the functions of the hematopoietic system. This can negatively affect the biochemical composition of the child's blood.

Storage conditions and periods

Furazolidone should be stored in a dry, cool and dark place out of direct sunlight. The medication must be placed so that children of all age groups do not have direct access to it. The ambient temperature should be between +5 and +30 degrees Celsius.

Subject to the above rules, the shelf life of the drug is 3 years. The tablet, which was squeezed out of the blister, must be taken in compliance with the instructions, or discarded. Storage of Furazolidone without original packaging is prohibited. The drug should not be taken after the expiration date.

Conditions of dispensing from pharmacies

Furazolidone tablets can be purchased at retail pharmacy chains. To buy a medication, you do not need a special prescription from your doctor.

Analogs

All drugs with the active substance in the form of furazolidone have identical antibacterial and anti-inflammatory properties, and their dosage is 50 mg of the drug in each tablet.

In this case, medications analogs are called Furazolidone. The procedure for taking and the dose of drugs based on furazolidone remains unchanged - 10 mg per 1 kg of the child's body weight. The only difference between the analogue drugs is that they are produced by different pharmaceutical companies.

Furazolidone is an effective, safe and inexpensive drug derived from nitrofuranyl and oxazolidinone. The drug has bacteriostatic, anti-inflammatory, immunostimulating and protozoal properties. The antibiotic is indicated for admission to children over 12 months of age, and its main form of release is pills.

The dosage of the drug is determined individually, depending on the total body weight of the child. The average duration of a therapeutic course is 10 days. The drug is effective against most intestinal infections and protozoa unicellular microorganisms.

Article design: Vladimir the Great

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