Stroke at a young age: causes, symptoms in women, from what happens, men going

If previously ischemic and hemorrhagic brain lesions considered a problem of older people, but now a stroke at a young age there is more and more often. Acute ischemic stroke in patients 25-40 years caused several other reasons. Diagnosis and treatment of stroke in young little different from those in older age.

From what is

The main cause of stroke in young is considered hypertension, increases the risk of vascular injury with subsequent hemorrhage. Less common is an attack on the break of large aneurysms, including those caused by high blood pressure. For rarer causes include diseases, accompanied by bleeding disorders. The factors causing a stroke at a young and tender age, are:

1. DIC. The disease is accompanied by intravascular coagulation, which is why in the circulatory system constantly circulating blood clots. Pathological condition develops after trauma or surgery, accompanied by severe blood loss. A stroke occurs only in the early stages of DIC.
2. Disglobulinemiya. The pathology is characterized by increased levels of proteins in the blood. Dangerous in terms of brain ischemia, quantitative form. Against this background, increased blood clotting, due to which the brain tissue does not get enough oxygen.
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3. Polycythemia. Develops on the background of dehydration and oxygen starvation of the body. Characterized by the thickening of the blood. Small vessels are closed, which is why there are ischemic lesions.
4. Acute thrombosis of the cerebral arteries. It occurs in atherosclerosis or vascular emboli of carotid and vertebral arteries.
5. Vasoconstriction, combined with a bend or compression of the main cerebral arteries. There is a sharp decrease in blood pressure or severe bleeding.
6. Cardiac embolism. The ventricles or atria form emboli, which travel through the bloodstream and enter the brain vessels. The occurrence of embolism occurs in violation of the functions of valves, atrial fibrillation, infective endocarditis.
7. The destruction of the walls of small arteries, accompanied by the cessation of blood flow to certain parts of the brain. It occurs against the backdrop of the current long-term hypertension.

men

For the occurrence of stroke in the young age of the reasons may be as follows:

1. Excessive exercise. Negative impact on the cardiovascular system, contributing to increased pressure in the arteries.
2. Alcohol abuse. It is considered a major cause of stroke in young men. Alcohol increases the risk of diseases of the cardiovascular system, raises blood pressure, promotes weight gain.
3. Sedentary lifestyle. Frequent occurrence of stroke is related to the way of life of modern people. Sedentary job and contributes to thickening of blood clots. Lack of physical activity has a negative impact on the endocrine system, helping to increase blood sugar levels.
4. The use of narcotic substances. Those at risk include injecting drug users using non-sterile instrument. In such cases, bacterial endocarditis developed in which brain blood vessels are clogged by thrombi.

Among women

For reasons of stroke in young women include:

• being overweight (increases the load on the heart muscle, blood pressure contributes to increases in blood cholesterol levels);
• psycho-emotional overload;
• reception estrogensoderjath contraceptive drugs;
• chronic infectious and inflammatory diseases;
• smoking (increases the risk of stroke 3-5 times);
• benign and malignant brain tumors (violate the circulation, causing ischemic lesions);
• migraine.

Typical signs and symptoms

The first signs of the disease in young patients do not differ from the clinical picture of stroke, which occurs in old age. The main difference is that the cerebrovascular accident at a young age does not affect the clarity of consciousness. Neurological deficit has a weak degree. Often, stroke in young masquerades as other pathology. Tissue damage develops slowly. Suspected disease help of the following symptoms:

• dizziness;
• muscle weakness;
• Strong headache;
• decrease in sensitivity extremities on the one hand;
• numbness in half of the face, accompanied by a breach of facial expressions (the patient's face is asymmetrical);
• problems with speech (the patient speaks slowly, drawling pronunciation of certain sounds becomes impossible);
• frequent mood swings, irritability, aggression (considered common symptoms of stroke in women);
• blurred vision, double vision;
• the loss of basic skills (writing, reading);
• deterioration of memory and intellectual abilities;
• leg cramps;
• acceleration or deceleration of heart rate.

Features of treatment

If a person has a stroke arose, it must be delivered immediately to the neurology department. Scheme treating a disease includes:

1. Thrombolytic therapy. It should begin within the first 6 hours of the attack. The patient is administered drugs that dissolve blood clots (alteplase). Thrombolytics are contraindicated in hemorrhagic stroke.
2. Surgery. Type of operation depends on the shape of the brain lesions. In hemorrhagic removed hematoma, compressing the brain tissue. at ischemic stroke carried out the intervention to restore blood flow - stenting and carotid endarterectomy.
3. Correction blood circulation. Introduced drugs that restore blood flow in cerebral arteries (Cinnarizine and Fezam). When high blood pressure applied antihypertensives (enalapril).
4. Neuroprotection. The patient is prescribed nootropics (Nootropil) and angioprotectors (Cerebrolysin). Preparations restore brain function, improve memory,
5. Gymnastics. Begin training with minimum load on the paralyzed arms and legs. Movement helps to restore mobility of the limbs and prevent diseases of the joints.

To restore the speech held speech therapy classes. Patient re-learn to pronounce sounds and words, to train memory. Lessons can lead the patient and relatives.