Unhealthy heart murmur in a child is often found not only in its infancy, but at a later age. The causes of such variations may be as congenital anomalies and acquired diseases of the cardiovascular system. Having carefully studied the article mentioned below, the parents to understand what method to identify a heart murmur, and how they can be eliminated.
The content of the article:
- 1 How to determine the causes of noise in the heart of a child
- 2 Causes of heart murmur at different ages
- 3 Systolic murmur in the heart of a child
- 4 Features functional noise
- 5 Heart murmurs organic (pathological) type
- 6 drug therapy
- 7 Surgery
- 8 Video of noise in the baby's heart
How to determine the causes of noise in the heart of a child
Heart murmur in a child (reasons must be determined by a physician as soon as possible) are diagnosed in most cases, in the absence of visible abnormalities during routine inspection pediatrician. To install the appropriate diagnosis, doctors prescribe additional studies to determine the causes of the revealed pathology.
Among the most popular are:
- electrocardiogram (ECG) - graphic recording of heart rate, able to detect the noise and other abnormalities at an early stage;
- chest x-ray field;
- echocardiography (Scoring procedure for determining the pathologies, in which the qualified person not simply analyzes graphical curve of heart rate, but also checks the blood pressure in the chambers most important organ for life person);
- Magnetic - resonance imaging of the chest;
- Computed tomography of the chest;
- ultrasound of the heart and blood vessels;
- angiocardiography (survey, allowing to analyze the current state of the blood vessel and identify anomalies in their functioning or circulation);
- take a blood test from a vein or finger (laboratory study avoids some circumstances leading to disease).
The reasons most frequently provoke a heart murmur in a child: the development of infectious diseases, pathologies of kidneys and adrenal glands, as well as dysfunction of the immune system.
In the diagnosis of the disease in question and identify its causes, it is important to understand that the transcript narrow surveys, in most cases, is subjective traits.
This fact necessitates the observation of a child with identified pathology in the same highly physician to enable it to monitor the dynamics and generate further projections based on personal experience and knowledge.
Causes of heart murmur at different ages
Heart murmur in a child (the reasons may vary depending on the circumstances), namely the degree of their danger to the younger man, should be analyzed by doctors from the point of view of the young age characteristics patient.
In most cases in the absence of significant abnormalities identified during the corresponding examination viewed anomalies in the body of the newborn considered physiological.
They can be caused by:
- structural features of the cardio - vascular system;
- diseases carried over the mother during pregnancy;
- the conduct of poor lifestyle choices a woman to bear a child who subsequently born with abnormalities of the heart.
Heart murmur, which appeared at the age of 1-12 months may indicate:
- presence of infectious diseases in children's body without having an accompanying symptom;
- inattentive examination of the child's pediatrician at birth, during which was not timely diagnosed defect.
In identifying the consideration dysfunction at this age it is advisable to pay attention to the presence of other changes in the behavior of the young person: drowsiness, fatigue, developmental delays, and so Further. In case of detection of the child will be assigned to appropriate treatment cardiologist and pediatrician.
The situation in which the changes in the children's state of health was not found evidence of physiological abnormalities, requiring only observation in dynamics.
In 1-2 years causes of disorders of the heart is traditionally considered to be:
- incorrect examination of the child's pediatrician at an earlier age;
- constant state of heightened anxiety and fear;
- overgrowth of the child's body, significantly outpacing the development of cardio - vascular system.
In most cases, with due examination by experts of the child at birth, such changes in this age is natural and should not be a cause for concern parents. In very rare cases, a child 2 - 3 years, having previously diagnoses associated with different kinds of dysfunctions of cardio - vascular system, will be put on the account to a cardiologist.
If it did happen, and it is in this age of the doctors were able to diagnose heart murmurs, it could be due to a small number of circumstances.
They are:
- incorrect examination of the child's pediatrician at an earlier age;
- inadequate conditions for inspection (fatigue the child, fatigue after physical activity and so on).
Noises in the heart of a child identified in 5 - 7 years of age may be due to:
- excessive physical and mental burden on the still fragile organism;
- anxiety and depression;
- failure of the endocrine system;
- fever or are actively developing an infectious disease.
As a teenager, the emergence of dysfunctions of the cardiovascular system traditionally considered nature is due to:
- natural changes vascular hemodynamics;
- constant fatigue;
- Increased nervousness;
- neurotic disorders.
Heart murmur in a child (the reasons should be subject to treatment), depending on the age of the patient, the doctor should be assessed in different ways. To avoid negative consequences, as well as to get rid of the child from heart disease in time, it is advisable undergo examination by a doctor appointed at the slightest deviation in the cardio - vascular system of the small person.
Systolic murmur in the heart of a child
On systolic heart murmur is divided depending on the phase of the cycle of its operation. It is formed by compression of the ventricle of the heart muscle, provokes a further output blood flow THEREOF scanty, by its size, hole. Systolic anomaly usually diagnosed by a thorough examination of the upper part of the main vital organs.
Responsible for its provocation and further development in the child's body are the septal and valvular abnormalities partitions located between the ventricles and atria. In organizing the studies of this type noises while listening to their specialist will be sharp, loud, hard and at the same time prolonged.
Described sound is clearly heard when taking a child of any body position during the examination.
In most cases, there is the fact of passing an anomaly in the axillary and subscapular region, ie beyond the heart muscle itself. It is advisable to emphasize that the presence of systolic noise, unhealthy sounds in the child's heart will be heard more clearly after strenuous exercise.
In this case, after some time, this increase is not only not disappeared, and even fixed and becomes habitual.
Systolic murmurs, often diagnosed in young children, are classified into:
- early systolic;
- holosystolic;
- later;
- Mean systolic.
But in nature, depending on the situation, requiring or not requiring treatment for:
- functionality (in most cases the natural, not requiring treatment);
- pathological (implying a compulsory medical intervention).
Features functional noise
The circumstances that influenced the occurrence of the anomaly under consideration of the child, can be functional or pathological. Functional are considered noise occurring due to acceleration of blood flow, due to age-related changes, gender, lifestyle and physical activity in the presence of a child's life.
If no other signs of abnormalities, such as inconsistent respiration, pulse surges or shortage Oxygen in the young person's blood, such deviations are considered a normal variant and do not require treatment.
The reasons that caused the functional abnormalities in the heart of the newly born child, traditionally include:
- structural features of the cardio - vascular system, in most cases, is corrected with time independently (patent foramen ovale, an open arterial canal; outdoor venous flow and so on);
- rapid growth of the body, anticipating the development of cardio - vascular system;
- restructuring of the hormonal system;
- disruptions to the endocrine system;
- location close to the chest receptacles;
- the child's body, thin constitution.
Based on the aforementioned "stimulants" the emergence of functional heart murmurs, their sudden diagnosis is justified in most cases, as seen in moments of peculiar growth spurts in the younger person. We are talking about the age of 2 - 5 years and during adolescence - 12 - 15 years.
Despite the apparent harmlessness of the considered type of cardiac abnormalities, parents identify with her the child, it is advisable to consult a pediatrician or cardiologist for a proper examination or daughter son. These measures will minimize the risk of complications, in the case of incipient disease.
Heart murmurs organic (pathological) type
Abnormal heart murmurs are distinguished by the presence of functional need of medical intervention in the process of their elimination in all cases.
of this type are caused by abnormalities tend to be:
- genetic diseases such as Down syndrome (in this case a statement of existing heart disease the child will be found in the womb during routine screening and ultrasound);
- harmful circumstances, a negative impact on a child patient mother when she was pregnant with him;
- diseases carried over the mother during gestation of a child born later with impaired cardio - vascular activity (eg, measles or rubella);
- the conduct of a wrong way of life of the mother during pregnancy (smoking, alcohol consumption, and so on).
Noises in the organic type of heart is manifested in the form of:
- rheumatic heart disease;
- purulent infectious diseases;
- Fallot defects or violations of the structure of the heart and the aorta and pulmonary artery.
The above state, characterized by the presence of pathological heart murmurs require consultations with a competent specialist.
It is important to understand that even in the case of an operation to restore the full activity of the heart muscles, the child will be put on the account to a cardiologist and has to undergo regular screening for life. Careful monitoring is necessary to exclude the possibility of relapse.
drug therapy
Heart murmurs in children, the causes of which have been identified by a physician as having a pathological character, in most cases require medical treatment.
Specifying a situation, treatment agents are administered in specific cases such as, for example:
- rehabilitation after surgery, helps to restore the normal functioning of the cardio - vascular system;
- supportive therapy, which occurs in cases where the correct congenital anomalies by surgery is not possible;
- minor violations in the circulatory system that does not require surgery and needing correction light and the general condition of normal functioning of the heart muscle;
- heart disease at the age of a child older than 1 year (newborns and infants is contraindicated drug treatment).
The most common medications used to adjust identified deviations of the heart include in its membership:
- amino acids;
- vitamin complexes;
- hormonal component;
- glycosides.
The characteristic features of the drug therapy for identified heart noises little patient include:
- determining gradual dosing of the drug in order to ascertain its characteristics according organism;
- combining drugs that improve the functioning of heart - vascular system along with sedative, diuretic drugs, and also regulating blood pressure.
Surgery
Surgical treatment of various noise diagnosed in childhood etymology heart can be It imposed only as a last resort, when drug therapy is ineffective or meaningless in case.
The most common occasions for surgery prescriptions for correcting anomalies are described:
- atrial septal defect;
- ventricular septal defect;
- congenital heart disease;
- defeat pulmonary valve;
- damage the aortic, mitral, tricuspid valve of the heart muscle;
- myocardial dysfunction activity;
- excessive increase in cardiac chambers;
- density increase myocardial wall;
- infection of the inside of the heart;
- acute pericarditis.
The key to the effectiveness of surgery to remove the baby heart sound is its timely diagnosis. If you suspect the first routine inspection of the younger man's pediatrician, parents immediately should be examined by a specialist in order to avoid possible problems with the vital the body system.
Given the existence of a large range of pathologies requiring surgical intervention, professionals forced to perform operations not only in vascular and functional valves, but also some parts of the heart tissue itself muscles.
These operations require high precision and careful preparation for their conduct, hence the need for compliance with all recommendations of the healthcare worker.
Often diagnosed in children at different ages a heart murmur should be cause for further examination of the child by specialists. In identifying the causes of pathological character will be taken by qualified doctors appropriate risk mitigation measures of developing complications due to the disease in existing the child's body.
Registration of the article: Lozinski Oleg
Video of noise in the baby's heart
Causes and treatment of noise in the heart of a child:
