Doplerography examination of the lower extremities. Price, that is how the home, in a clinic

Ultrasound examination by Christian Doppler method it is one of the most popular methods of diagnostics of pathologies of the vascular system. The versatility of this method allows the study to examine the state of the arteries, capillaries and veins in the hands, feet, head and abdomen.

What is a Doppler?

Doppler - a method of study and diagnosis of blood flow in large and small vessels. Doppler ultrasound refers to ultrasound and Doppler ultrasound is abbreviation. It is based on the principle of the Doppler effect. Apparatus for examination has a special sensor that emits and receives at specific wavelengths.

In the reflection of ultrasound from blood cells is a change their frequencies: the movement away from the emitter value decreases, and to the emitter - increases. The sensor captures the difference values ​​between the received wave and studied, converting the data into a digital signal.

Derived on the computer screen data to determine:

• the direction of movement of blood;
• blood flow rate;
• the structure of vessel walls;
• their permeability;
• value lumen;
• general condition of the vessels.

For the different parts of the body using different sensors, which have different radiation power.

That helps to identify the Doppler ultrasound?

Doppler ultrasound technique can identify:

• narrowing of arteries, and the degree of localization of pathology reducing lumen;
• General condition of the spine of the arteries, the main head, carotid and subclavian arteries;
• velocity of blood flow in the major vessels of the body and its direction;
• causes headaches, memory impairment;
• insufficiency of internal organs because of thrombosis or arteriosclerosis;
• deformation of the walls of veins and their extension;
• causes increased pressure and syncope;
• thrombosis in the early stages;
• Pathology of the large vessels of hands and feet;
• aortoiliac disease type;
• causes numbness muscle cramps;
• Pre-stroke state;
• consequences of traumatic brain injury.

What is the difference between ultrasound and Doppler ultrasound of the lower extremities

Doppler ultrasound and different from each other:

differences methods
ultrasound	UZDG
It has the same speed and frequency of the waves, which allows us to study the structure of objects in a static position.	It transmits and receives sound waves of different frequency and speed that indicates the direction and velocity of blood flow through the vessels.
The probe is positioned precisely at the location of the problem, since the ultrasound encompasses all being nearby tissue.	The probe is positioned at random or in a vessel according to the anatomical location of the area of ​​the body structure.
Accurately determines the stage and the causes of varicose veins, as well as the possibility of recurrence of disease after therapy.	It suggests a possible risk of developing varicose veins.
Determines the degree of patency of vessels, and the exact cause of reducing their lumen or deformation.	Determines the extent of vascular permeability.
It shows the structure and condition of the venous valves.	It shows a fuzzy picture of the work of the venous valves.
Explores the perforating veins of any localization	Examines only the perforating veins, which connect the deep and superficial veins.
Defines stage and cause thrombosis.	It indicates only the infringement of vascular permeability.

Doplerography research vessels of the lower limb is used only during the initial inspection vascular health and for studying the dynamics of the recovery of vascular permeability in a period of intense therapy. US vessels is more informative method, so it is used instead UZDG failure at its data.

Types doplerography research vessels

Doppler examination is carried out in 2 ways:

• Streaming spectrum, which allows to evaluate:
• for blood;
• its speed;
• flow pattern: turbulent or laminar.

Spectral Doppler shift calculates the average wave upon reflection from the blood cells. The method itself is of two types: pulse and continuous. Test method selects a specialist depending on the type of vessel and blood flow in it.

• energy methodWhich shows the adequacy of the blood supply of tissues and internal organs. signal decoding occurs at all vyschityvanii integral spectrum signals. This method is less useful because it does not measure the direction of flow, speed and type of the blood flow. ED often used to study the performance of small vessels.

Modern computer development and improvement of ultrasound equipment has allowed to create Doppler ultrasound combined methods, which are more informative and accurate:

• Duplex Doppler ultrasonography. This method combines Doppler ultrasonography (spectral or energy method) with conventional ultrasound, that is, a survey is conducted once in two modes:
  • B-mode - black and white picture as an ultrasound. In this mode, the estimated state of the valves, vessel lumen and its wall thickness. And also verified the presence of tumors.
  • D-mode - a graph of blood flow changes in real time.

Doplerography research vessels of the lower extremities is often carried out by the duplex.

The remaining Doppler methods They are a combination of duplex method with additional data processed and calculated by the computer:

• Color Doppler. This method shows the main characteristics of the blood flow using a color scheme. Direct or reverse direction is colored in red and blue respectively. The intensity of the color depends on the speed of blood flow. This study also allows to evaluate the surface structure of tissue.

• Triplex Doppler. This method combines the duplex and color research.

• Three-dimensional Doppler. This method is based on a combination of color Doppler ultrasonography and modeling of three-dimensional image of the object of the study. On the three-dimensional model in real-time rate and are represented within the blood stream as well as the overall condition of the tissue.

A significant drawback of the method is a manual movement of the sensor during the model building, since in this case the possibility of spatial distortions.

When and to whom is assigned?

Doppler examination of the feet is indicated for:

• edema of the lower extremities;
• frequent seizures;
• feeling of heaviness in the legs;
• suspicion of varicose veins or atherosclerosis;
• frequent freezing of the feet;
• pain in the calf muscles;
• the appearance of the visible under the skin veins and venous networks;
• numbness of the feet;
• itching sensation in the feet and hips;
• diabetes;
• reducing the elasticity of vessel walls;
• trophic changes in the skin on the feet;
• heart problems;
• pain during walking;
• high cholesterol;
• frequent headaches and fainting.

Doppler prescribed to patients of all ages, especially necessary preventive control vessels to people:

• during gestation;
• after 40 years;
• with a hereditary predisposition to varicose veins.

Advantages and disadvantages of the method

Doppler method has several advantages:

• for the study did not require specific training;
• identifies specific diseases of the vascular system;
• It does not bring discomfort to the patient;
• is absolutely safe, it is approved for use from birth;
• Procedure duration does not exceed 40 min .;
• It has a low cost.

Disadvantages of the method include:

• inability to visualize causes vascular stenosis;
• the inability to assess the condition of the veins;
• inability to visualize the deep vascular tissues.

Contraindications

Doplerography examination of the lower extremities is not recommended only in a few cases:

• in acute diseases current;
• in the presence of inflammation in the body;
• in case of damage of the skin on the legs of moderate and severe;
• for mental disorders;
• in critical conditions of the patient, which limit the possibility of a long stay in one position.

All contraindications associated with the probability of getting a fuzzy picture and data in the study. All restrictions are temporary.

Does ultrasonic waves dangerous?

Ultrasonic radiation could be safer or, on the contrary, harmful. It depends on the frequency and power of the waves radiated devices.

It is worth remembering that all devices for the study of the human body have a limited capacity, and the minimum frequency of the waves. Ultrasound and Doppler ultrasound procedures do not lead to radiation exposure and are unable to cause irreversible processes in the cellular structures, organs or tissues. Therefore, these types of surveys, as opposed to MRI or X-rays are not dangerous for the organism.

Preparation for the examination

Doppler leg does not require specific training, but there are a few recommendations:

• to conduct a full body hygiene, focusing on the lower extremities;
• used in procedure only clean disposable diaper;
• wear comfortable clothing that can be easily removed or pinched limbs in the study.

Also, you must refrain from smoking and drinking alcohol at least 3 days before the test, as this can cause distortion of picture research.

The process of the clinic and at home

Doppler vascular research can be carried out in health facilities and at home.

Irrespective of the place of the procedure, at the feet study, it includes 8 stages:

1. Man takes off his pants, shoes and, if necessary, socks, open access to the necessary areas to explore.
2. The patient takes the position "lying on his back." In this case, the legs should lie on the shoulder width, and foot - turned outwards. At the rear of the study, the patient should take the legs to "lying on his stomach."
3. In the investigated area is applied a special gel that provides a more intimate contact of the sensor with the skin and a better glide.
4. The device is adjusted to the required power and the frequency of the waves.
5. The sensor is placed on a desired portion of the legs and moves slowly.
6. If necessary, the patient will need to hold your breath, change frequency or strain some muscles.
7. The device reads all the characteristics, calculates data and displays them on the monitor, and then prints on thermal printer.
8. After completion of the screening leg receptacles gel was removed with a paper towel, and the patient is allowed to wear.

Doppler leg is often carried out in the "standing". Changing the position of the body during the study allows for a more accurate assessment of the state of the main tanks, as it takes place in a static mode and with additional load.

When diagnosing varicose veins expert can apply the method of Valsalva, which is held at:

• tightening of the calf of the patient;
• pressing in the forearm;
• Serial exhale with your mouth closed and nose.

One of the distinguishing features of Doppler - the possibility of departure of the expert on the house. The procedure is performed by special portable unit with a built-in thermal printer.

Decoding results, compared to the norm

Decoding of the results should be carried out only by a physician-phlebologist. Depending on the type of the objects in the study protocol includes various parameters.

Normal values ​​of research:

• Plaques or blood clots should not be.
• Abnormal connection of veins and arteries must be absent.
• Must not contain artery narrowings.
• Veins should be passable, without extension, with the normal walls.
• The valves must be wealthy, without reverse flow of blood.
• Reflux should be completely absent.
• Blood flow must be a phase, natural trunk.

Of the digital values ​​of Doppler studies in the report may be entered:

Parameter	normal values
The rate of blood flow in the arteries: hips in the shin	1 m / s 50 m / s
LPI	0.9
Pulse Index, PI	1.8 m / s
The femoral artery: wall thickness (IMT) resistance index	To 1.2 mm 1 m / s

Any deviation from normal values ​​shows pathological processes. Accurate diagnosis is made only doctor phlebologist only after further research.

Price Doppler in the clinic and at home

Cost Doppler leg depends on the price policy of the medical institution and region:

Type of study	The average cost, rubles.
UZDG trunk legs vessels (veins or arteries)	2100
Duplex scanning leg (vein)	2500
Duplex scanning leg (arteries)	2500
Duplex scanning leg (veins and arteries)	3200
Triplexiglass legs scanning (vein)	2500
Triplexiglass legs scanning (artery)	2500
Triplexiglass scanning legs (veins and arteries)	3500
Three-dimensional scanning	from 4300

For professional challenge at the house will have to pay an additional 6,000 rubles. behind:

• travel specialist;
• interpretation of the results;
• and making inspection regimen.

Ultrasound examination of vessels of the legs reveals pathology at an early stage and to explore the effectiveness of selected treatment regimen.

The main advantages of Doppler ultrasound is a high availability of the information content to many pathologies and low price for the research. It is worth remembering that the diagnosis is made only after carrying out additional tests, such as magnetic resonance imaging or computed tomography.

Video of the Doppler examination

What is the Doppler blood vessels:

Author: Anna Shalunova