What is stomatitis and how to treat it in children and adults

Stomatitis is a common problem among the population. Most patients who reveal in their obscure ulcer formation in the mouth, can not understand what it is and whether it is necessary to be afraid of. Knowledge of stomatitis and how it should be treated, in the long run will allow to avoid unpleasant complications.

What is stomatitis

Stomatitis refers to the type of diseases of mucous membrane inside the oral cavity and is characterized by inflammatory reactions. Clinical manifestations of disease are ulcerative formation of small white, which most often are located in an area of ​​the gums, the inner walls of the cheeks and the tongue.

The disease can be caused by bacterial, viral or fungal infections.

The main mechanism of the development of stomatitis at the moment has not been studied, but many experts link appearance of painful yazvo formations due to the natural reaction of immunity for external stimuli. It is also believed that stomatitis manifests in identifying specific molecules that the immune system is unable to recognize.

Oral disease is not contagious and does not spread from person to person. At the same time, the presence of herpes, there may be ulcerated tumors as a consequence of the primary causative agent - herpesvirus.

In risk-prone stomatitis include people of all ages, but children up to 5-7 years of disease It appears much more often, which is associated with a reduced immune system and fad pull any objects directly in mouth.

Reasons for the development of children and adults

Oral education can develop both individually and as a complication of other diseases. Individuals diagnosed with stomatitis most often detected organic condition in which the immune system is weakened as much as possible.

What is the disease, and how to treat it most effectively, will help to understand the main factors of development of the disease:

• Mechanical impact. Many patients say that ulcer formation appeared in the mucosa after injuries or internal injuries. The most common causes of mechanical action are scratches are often caused tooth broken off or occlusion of internal tissues of the cheeks. Also, this includes receiving heavy and roughage (sharp chips, crackers, hard candy). Stomatitis caused damage, most often disappear completely in 2-3 days.
• hygiene Products care or mouthrinse. These include cleaning formulations, which include sodium lauryl sulphate. Based on studies, it is a substance capable of causing ulcer formation on the walls of mucous, which often can be found in toothpaste or rinse aid.
• The lack of a balanced diet. Researchers have been linked unbalanced diet and a manifestation of stomatitis. Thus, it was revealed frequent progression of the disease process in the mouth due to lack of food in some structures vitamin groups B, A and C, as well as trace elements of iron and zinc.
• Unstable mental state and the presence of stressful situations. Patients with a history of stomatitis note that the re-emergence of formations occurs against a background of mental and emotional stress and strain.
• hypersensitivity some nutritional components and allergies. Ulceration can provoke allergic conditions based on the use of various food products, for which the patient is detected allergy. Foods likely to cause increased sensitivity include fruits, vegetables and grains. Also, some patients have experienced a significant increase in the disease state in the use of dairy products.
• Bacteria and viruses. The microbes themselves are not the main source of the disease, as their number is high enough in a healthy oral microflora. However, the presence of pathogenic microorganisms can improve the chances of developing thrush.
• Heredity. Based on statistics, children whose parents have previously transferred oral disease have an increased risk of developing pathology.
• Various diseases. Identification of oral ulcers are directly related to the development of some disease processes in the human body.

In addition to the list of factors that influence the occurrence of stomatitis, the disease can lead to factors such as non-compliance hygiene of the oral cavity, poor fitting dentures or overindulgence of alcohol and tobacco products.

Classification

In medical practice, there is a classification of stomatitis, the types of which are determined based on the following parameters:

1. Course of the disease. In this case, stomatitis divided into acute and chronic forms. In acute type, ulcer formation are shown for the first time. If treatment is not available, acute stomatitis able to develop into chronic.
2. Changes morphological character. Based on morphological characteristics, emit three basic forms: catarrhal, and aphthous ulcer.
3. Factors that contribute to the appearance of stomatitis. In addition to the basic forms, tumors are divided into traumatic, infectious and allergic types.

   

Based on clinical manifestations, stomatitis divided into two types - syphilitic or streptococcal. These types are always directly dependent on the nature of bacterial destruction.

The first signs and symptoms of the disease

What is stomatitis and how to treat it, you need to know everyone. Understanding the basic symptoms directly affects the risk of various complications.

Common symptoms of the disease are identical in any type of manifestation. The first symptoms of stomatitis start with a little red, in more severe cases, there is swelling and a feeling of slight burning sensation. With typical symptoms do not appear for intoxication: fever, headaches.

Another aspect is any kind stomatitis ulceration inside area of ​​reddening, which is characterized by the presence of a flat shape and a white halo. In close proximity to each other ulcers often occur merging into one large.

Ulcers are themselves quite painful, especially when touched. The patient may also disturb hypersalivation, the presence of blood on the gums and the unpleasant odor. Painful symptoms are often so severe that patients are unable to chew food.

Severe form of stomatitis in children is often characterized by a violation of the vocal apparatus, and decreased appetite. The child begins to cry for no reason, that is accompanied by anxiety, and fever.

If the disease is acute, is added to the symptoms lymphadenopathy and improving overall body temperature. Also pathology often recurs.

Symptoms of allergic stomatitis

Symptoms of allergic stomatitis is directly dependent on the type of occurrence. Thus, for catarrhal kind which is characterized by having an inflammatory process, characterized by the following features: total dry mouth, burning feeling of internal tissues and allergic itch. Patients also noted a violation of taste perception, discomfort when eating or swelling of the mucous surfaces.

Allergic stomatitis, bullous type of mucosal edema differs not only the occurrence of ulcer formation, but also bubbles filled with liquid. When popping bubbles observed the formation of erosion tissue, accompanied by severe pain. With the possible violation of appetite and a feeling of weakness.

The most severe form of allergic-type is the type of necrotizing. In this case, in addition to themselves ulcers, stomatitis differs occurrence of multiple foci of necrosis. Symptoms appear in the form of high temperature and disease states of the head.

It also signs of an allergic type may include disorders of the nervous system, sleep and irritability.

Symptoms of ulcerative stomatitis

The initial symptoms of ulcerative stomatitis resembles the symptoms of allergic type, which includes the presence of redness, swelling and a burning sensation in the area of ​​the gums. There is an active growth of the pathogenic process in the neighboring area. After a few days, in the area of ​​gum, tongue, or cheek ulceration may form roundish, coated gray bloom.

In severe stage of necrotizing ulcerative stomatitis, a disease characterized by severe lesions more part of the mucosa, marked active distribution inflammation and necrotizing proliferation process. Is the formation of irregular ulceration with a bright crimson color. Any motion within the oral cavity unduly painful for the patient, there is a swelling of the cheeks.

The patient's condition is deteriorating until the presence of a temperature ranging from 38 to 40 ° C. Marked sleep disturbances and loss of appetite. Acute necrotizing process lasts on average up to 2 weeks. Complications are characterized by tissue necrosis sky surfaces and jaw bone, also often revealed osteomyelitis, otitis and gastroenteritis.

Symptoms of thrush

often fungal thrush is mild, without the presence of significant complications. Manifestations of the initial stage is not easily seen, since only the patient concerned presence odor and the presence of the metal taste.

Further for Candida type characterized typical oral signs: redness oral, loss of taste, appearance and burning dryness. Ulcerative education gradually begin to acquire a white color and covered with an appropriate coating.

In acute type there is full coverage of tongue, gums or cheeks white coating with traces of congestion, which do not have a long healing process. The most severe form characterized by large areas of plaque, until the complete defeat of the whole mucosa.

The symptoms of canker sores

Manifestations of acute aphthous type developing quite quickly and unexpectedly for the patient. Mucous walls often appear small blisters or vesicles, which are able to burst, resulting in the formation of erosion surfaces.

Patients reported pain conditions when talking or chewing. As the ulcer formation, the ability to receive food limited. The mucous membrane becomes very edematous and inflamed, the language appears snow-white coating.

Severe aphthous stomatitis is the most destructive, since the lesion salivary glands, in the process of connecting the causative organic layers connective tissues.

Symptoms of herpetic stomatitis

Depending on the displays, herpetic stomatitis may occur in three stages: mild, moderate or severe. In the event of evidence of infection determined incubation, prodrome and fading periods.

The initial symptoms of herpes are always different types of acute development, including fever and the presence of catarrhal symptoms, such as runny nose, cough and conjunctivitis education. Gums begin to bleed and swell, causing numbness. Appear solitary or multiple lesions as vesicular sores which within 3-5 days characterized by severe pain.

When diminished immune system may occur pus formation mucosal surface that extends up to 2 weeks.

Diagnosis stomatitis. How to differentiate the disease from a sore throat, herpes, cancer, yeast infections, syphilis

What is stomatitis and how to treat it is best to help to understand diagnostic procedures based on careful collection of patient history and further study on the subject before transferred pathologies.

In most cases, the disease manifests itself in the early stages - by visual inspection of the oral mucosa. The main features, which draws attention to the expert, are the presence of ulceration and tissue swelling.

Testing to identify stomatitis is missing, but the doctor may refer the patient for the next study, as appropriate:

• PCR diagnostics, aimed at identifying fungal or infectious agent;
• the overall level of glucose in the blood;
• bakposev from the inflamed area.

Also, if necessary to exclude the diagnosis of stomatitis diseases such as herpes, syphilis, or cancer, which is carried out by differential analysis.

Methods of treatment of different types of stomatitis in children and adults

The main objective of the treatment of stomatitis - the removal of pain to the affected areas and the elimination of the inflammatory process. Tactics complex effects selected individually in accordance with the form of the disease.

In most cases, treatment of stomatitis passes at home after a visit and consultation with a physician. After a visual inspection and detection of abnormal appearance, the doctor prescribes a list of the different drugs that must be taken in the complex mode.

In the treatment of any type of stomatitis as required diet, based on a complete denial of consumption of those products that contribute to the manifestation of the disease.

From general advice: do not recommend taking chocolate, sweet products and coffee. They should be completely excluded alcoholic beverages, spicy and hot food. Allowed light soups, vegetable or fruit puree.

Depending on the type of treatment strategy may be radically different, but the general recommendations for all the same.

What is stomatitis and how to treat it will tell your dentist or an otolaryngologist. Therefore, when the first symptoms necessary to apply to the skilled person.

Treatment of allergic stomatitis

Therapy for allergic stomatitis depends on the main factors affecting the development yavzoobrazovany. An important principle of treating allergic disorders is further diagnosis and elimination of the allergen.

Medications include the use of antihistamines, vitamin complexes group PP, C, B, as well as administration of folic acid. Along with this regular cleaning is performed by means of oral antiseptics, corticosteroids, and various enzymes that contribute to healing.

Treatment of ulcerative stomatitis

In mild ulcerative stomatitis flow sufficient in most cases local therapy. The patient is assigned to an abundant drinking regime and a light diet.

For relief of the underlying causes, often resort to professional oral hygiene comprising removal of tartar and plaque. For purification ulcer tissues from evolved proteolytic enzymes used necrotic formations.

In severe cases of ulcerative stomatitis applied antibiotic therapy, is appointed by the course of antihistamines and vitamins. To eliminate various physical therapy procedures are well affect the disease - UV-therapy, ultrasound therapy.

When time begun treatment, ulcers eliminated in 5-7 days. In the case of chronic stomatitis require long-term therapeutic measures, including constant monitoring from your doctor.

Treatment for thrush

Since candidal stomatitis detected due to the action of fungal structures, complex treatment involves the use of antifungal agents. Along with this is often carried out an immunotherapy aimed at eliminating the infection.

Recently gaining popularity a new method of treatment of Candida stomatitis type - probiotic. In other cases, treatment is similar to any oral form.

Treatment of canker sores

The most effective way to completely cure canker sores include the use of slop funds and the use of anti-inflammatory ointments. treatment of ulceration is often administered by means of preparations based on glycerol and novocaine.

During periods of exacerbations patient medicinal enzymes, intravenous administration of vitamins C and P. it may be assigned Use of corticosteroid solutions interrupts further occurrence of ulcers. antihistamines prescribed for specific indications.

We recommend connecting physiotherapy such as laser therapy and phonophoresis. At the time of therapy and during the periods of recurrence of dietary food regulations must be observed.

Treatment of herpetic stomatitis

To main therapeutic method, aiming at the treatment of herpetic stomatitis relates reception antiviral and anti-inflammatory drugs, aimed at eliminating herpesvirus.

In addition, immune stimulants may be prescribed, as well as various complex group of vitamins. Required mouthrinse using antihistamines and antiseptic solutions.

Painkillers antiseptics

Inflammation of mucosa and development of ulcer formations often brings acute patient pain and discomfort due to which worsens the quality of life significantly. In this case, the doctor appointed by the anesthetic medications group.

name of product	Effects on body
anestezin	Anesthetic the first group of local action, other than a superficial influence of painkillers
Gekoral Tubbs	The antimicrobial and analgesic agent, which comprises antiseptic agents such as chlorhexidine and Benzocaine
lidocaine	The drug is antiseptic, has a local mechanism. Used for the treatment of canker sores and eliminate mucous erosion
Lidohlor	The drug complex effect in gel form, whose main effect - a local anesthetic, and anti-infective action

In the event of high temperature use of nonsteroidal drugs recommended anti-inflammatory effects, which have not only an analgesic effect, but also reduce temperature.

Anti-inflammatories, antiseptics

To eliminate infectious diseases and microbes in the oral cavity exert effective action antispeticheskie medicamentous preparations.

The most popular among those are:

1. Chlorophyllipt. Is a herbal antiseptic, which is composed of vegetable elements - eucalyptus and chlorophyll. The preparation has antibacterial activity against resistant substantial number of bacteria including staphylococci. In the treatment of stomatitis, ulcerative formation treated 2 times a week.
2. Balm Shostakovskiy. Provides general inflammatory and antibacterial effect, it helps stimulate the recovery of tissue elements within the mucosa. The active substance - Polivinoks. The application involves wetting a cotton swab, and the further processing of the affected area. Approved for use by children 2 years of age.
3. Rotokan. Vegetable preparation is produced and as a solution to a local antiseptic and gepostaticheskim effect. Activates the regeneration of mucosal tissues, particularly effective for aphthous stomatitis. The solution must be diluted with water and used within 1 week.
4. Miramistin. Antiseptic and bactericidal agent, manufactured in the form of a spray. The composition includes Miristoliamin substance. The drug must be sprayed on the pathogenic area 3-4 times a day.

All preparations antiseptic group not only have an antibacterial effect, but also have a regenerative effect on the surrounding tissue.

What stomatitis, as well as knowledge of the major therapeutic methods allow the patient to move with minimal loss of pathology. With the right understanding, what preparations should treat a disease, it is possible to eliminate the abnormal formation for a few days. It also affects the way the problem will behave in the future.

Antiviral, antifungal and anti-histamines

Significant effect on the treatment of viral type is manifested only with the use of antiviral agents for general purpose, which are most commonly used for the treatment of herpes viruses.

The most common are:

• Oksolonovaya ointment. Preparation based on active substance oxoline possesses pronounced antiviral activity. The use involves applying ointment on the painful area 3-5 times a day.
• Bonafton. Different active influence on adenoviruses and herpes viruses. The main ingredient - Bromnaftohinon. Available in the form of an ointment, which is applied on the affected places 4-5 times a day.
• Tebrofenovaya ointment. An antiviral agent, based on stored Tebrofen substance. Dosing: 3 to 5 times per day.

The fungal form of oral disease appears due to a major pathogen Candida fungus.

For outdoor applications, the following drugs:

• Daktarin. Available as a spray or a cream. The active component is Miconazole, which provides an effective effect on the elimination of the fungus. Apply 2-3 times a day.
• Candide. The drug whose principal ingredient clotrimazole acts. Available as a powder, ointment or lotion impregnated. Use 2 times a day.
• Levorinum. It is sold in powder form for preparation of a solution or an ointment. The active substance is an antifungal levorin. As the ointment is applied 2-3 times a day. In the manufacture of the solution used to rinse the mouth.

Antihistamines are used individually on the basis of major allergen. The most commonly used tools such as Suprastin, Tavegil and loratadine.

Formulations accelerating healing of mucosal

For the most rapid healing ulcer formations, erosions or wounds at specialized stomatitis applied preparations promoting regeneration external tissues.

The most popular include:

• Solkoseril. The drug is available as a paste, the active substance which acts Polidocanol. It has a special regenerative and restorative effects. It is applied with a dry cotton swab 4-5 times per day.
• Propolis Spray. Effective biostimulation agent which has antiviral and healing effect. The composition includes spray agent propolis tincture and glycerine. Spray sprayed 2-3 times a day on the mucous lesion area.
• Karotolin. It is oily solution with a strong antioxidant effect. The active substance are the vitamins of group A. The drug is contraindicated in hypervitaminosis. Use up to 3 times a day.

The use of these funds, along with other drugs to effectively and safely get rid of ulcers.

Folk remedies

At home treatment to an oral pathology can help funds of alternative medicine.

To eliminate neoplasms ulcerative soda solutions based on well-suited, iodine or potassium permanganate which is used as the primary means for rinsing. Also allows you to use traditional medicine herbal teas.

It is the most effective and safe as follows:

• 1 tbsp. l. calendula brewed in 200 ml of boiling water, pre insisting for 15 min. Allow to cool, filter and take as rinses.
• 150 g of dried plant pour 200 ml hot water, cover and wait saucer cooling. Then filter the resulting solid and postprandial thoroughly rinse the oral cavity.
• 1 tbsp. l. dried nettle pour 250 ml of water, then let stand. Applying similar - rinsing after meals.

Simple tips can help people remove the inflammatory processes that accelerate the regeneration of tissues and stop the contagious infection. To eliminate the pain tincture is recommended based on mint or menthol.

complications stomatitis

In the presence of the correct therapeutic method, stomatitis is not a dangerous disease, but if no treatment, the pathological process can develop into a chronic form with all possible complications.

The most frequent complication is orally bleeding gum surfaces. It is possible to tooth loss or depth manifestation of infection. Running forms of the disease are characterized by a violation and hoarseness of voice, which often leads to laryngitis.

Therefore, it is always important to know what is and what is stomatitis as a pathogenic disease process. Understanding how to properly treat it helps to avoid complications and contribute to more rapid recovery.

Registration of the article: Mila Friedan

Video of stomatitis

Elena Malysheva tell about stomatitis: