Thrombophlebitis of the lower limbs. The symptoms and treatment of deep photo, upper, saphenous veins, acute, chronic, superficial. How to remove the ointment, folk remedies at home, drugs, food. Forecast

Thrombophlebitis of the lower limbs - it's pathological changes, causes damage venous vessel wall, which flow directly into the vein, and thus blood clots form (Thrombi).

The primary symptoms of the disease occurs when the damaged area is already pretty big. In the early stages of the disease the patient often does not even suggest that his health is in serious danger.

The causes of the disease

Quite often factor in the development of the disease and becoming obese immobile lifestyle, pathology can occur as a complication of:

• Surgery.
• Injections.
• Catheterization.
• The use of certain medications.

It is also quite dangerous to expose yourself to frequent debilitating stress, as when lifting a heavy weight first thing in the affected leg and hip joint. Just in these areas deformation begins most often.

The factors causing this pathology:

• Damage the venous wall.
• Thrombophilia.
• Genetic and acquired predisposition to thrombosis.
• Varices.
• Infectious diseases.
• Pregnancy, abortion.
• Allergy.
• Surgical operations.
• Obesity.
• Dehydration.
• The use of contraceptives.
• Oncology.
• Changing the composition of the blood.
• Vascular diseases.
• Neurotrophic or endocrine disorders.
• Decreased immunity.
• Long bed rest.
• Paralysis of the legs after stroke.
• Diseases of the cardiovascular system.

Symptoms of thrombophlebitis of the lower limbs

Symptoms of thrombophlebitis develops imperceptibly, gradually suppressing the patient's state of health, as the first signs of disease are similar to ordinary exhaustion after the day's work. But the clinical picture varies, and symptoms become apparent and quite painful.

The first manifestations of the disease:

1. Slight swelling of the extremities.
2. Pain in the calf muscles.
3. Heaviness in the legs.
4. Discomfort.
5. redness of the skin.

Manifestations of running form:

1. Blueness of the skin at the site of blood clots.
2. Severe swelling.
3. blackening limbs.
4. Piercing pain, aggravated by walking.
5. Stiffness.
6. Heat.
7. Inflamed Vienna is solid.
8. The manifestation of the veins.

The disease is able to migrate if a blood clot to the vessel loosely joined and its top part runs into the veins intervals, he may at any time detach and leak blood into heart. This can lead to serious illness such as blockage of the pulmonary artery.

It thrombophlebitis quite serious pathology, when properly provided medical aid inflammatory process can strike adjacent skin and lead to such severe complications:

• Ecthyma.
• Eczema.
• Abscesses.

  

• The further spread of the disease.
• Thromboembolism internal organs.
• Lymphangitis.
• Lymphadenitis.
• Ischemic neuritis.
• Blood poisoning.
• Cellulitis foot.

risk group

Thrombophlebitis of the lower limbs, the symptoms depend on the localization of the inflammatory process, It can result in obstruction of the deep veins, which leads to gangrene followed by amputation of the affected legs.

At risk are people who:

• Overweight.
• Sedentary lifestyle.
• Forced bed rest, for example, after surgery.
• Varicose veins.
• Increased blood clotting.
• Pregnancy.
• Elderly age.
• Pathology of the cardiovascular system.

People who are predisposed to this pathology are required to carefully monitor their health. Basic preventive action should focus on early detection and treatment of disease, as well as the elimination of risk factors.

To avoid the occurrence of thrombosis, such rules must be followed:

• To live an active lifestyle.
• Daily hiking.
• Avoid alcohol and nicotine.
• Consume about 1.5-2 liters. in a day.
• Engage in physiotherapy.
• Eat right and control body weight.
• Wear very comfortable shoes and a compression garment, especially for pregnant women with swelling and distension of veins.
• Watch for blood clotting and adjust it.
• Harden and take a contrast shower.
• Often raise the legs above heart level.
• Beware of static electricity, which comes with a long fixed position.
• Prohibited Active baths, saunas.

Classification

Thrombophlebitis of the lower limbs, the symptoms of which depend on the shape of the disease can result in severe intoxication of an organism, which is accompanied by the formation of venous ulcers.

In the basic classification of thrombophlebitis is divided into:

• Acute.
• Chronic.
• Postinjection.
• Surface
• Interior.

acute thrombophlebitis

Thrombophlebitis of the lower limbs of the acute form is a clear expression of the characteristic symptoms.

The disease appears suddenly, most often due to:

• Infection.
• Varices.
• Burns.
• Strong supercooling.
• Injury.
• Antibiotics or hydrolytic solutions.

Symptomatology of the disease:

• A sudden sharp pain, especially while moving and standing.
• Veins swell and bulge out, to touch them solid.
• formed blue or red patch on the site of the blood clot.
• Enlarged lymph nodes.
• High fever.

If there are any signs of this disease, the first step is to seek qualified help, then you need to put the patient and lift his sore leg. You should not massage the sore spot, as it is fraught with a separation of a blood clot.

In this form of pathology there is a risk of thrombosis generalization, often it happens in a very short period of time. For 24 hours. blood clots can touch already deep veins.

chronic thrombophlebitis

With the lack of treatment or a complete absence of the disease takes a chronic and may be complicated by a purulent inflammation of the connective tissue or abscess.

In this form often persists venous congestion, leading to the development of:

• Standing edema.
• The deterioration of the venous outflow.
• The appearance of abscesses and severe itching.
• Varices.

The clot can be formed from several months to a year or more.

Patients with this pathology have to register with the hospital and undergo medical examination at least 2 times a year.

postinjection thrombophlebitis

Postinjection form of the disease - an inflammatory flow in the vein, accompanied by the appearance in it a bloody mass, under the following factors:

1. Long-term intravenous injection.
2. Mechanical injury to blood vessels.
3. Named streptococcal infection.
4. Introduction of hypertonic solutions which can irritate vessel walls.

In case of delayed or improper treatment of the disease, there is a threat of severe inflammation of the tissues with suppurations.

Superficial vein thrombophlebitis, varicose

Thrombophlebitis varicose type of common condition that is accompanied by:

• Intense pain.
• Hyperpigmentation.
• Pronounced swelling around the vein thrombosis.
• Tensions inflamed blood vessels.

The main feature of this disease is severe pain when walking, as well as any touch to the varicose vein. The disease is accompanied by fever and weakness.

Sooner or later, in the painful process of being drawn new sections of the veins, which in 15% of cases provokes further spread to neighboring vessels, and this poses a threat to the development of pulmonary embolism and the base posttromboflebitnogo syndrome.

local drug treatment: ointments, creams, gels,

The symptoms of this disease effectively eliminate drugs outdoor use. They are used both independently and in conjunction with other drugs.

Medicinal properties:

1. Reduction or complete elimination of the main disease symptoms.
2. Elimination of edema and heaviness in the legs.
3. Improving the outflow of venous blood.
4. Strengthening the walls of blood vessels.
5. Preventing the development of thrombotic masses.

Means for venous divided into the following categories:

• Preparations on the basis of heparin - own absorbing, vasodilating action. With regular use to prevent the occurrence of thrombus and stasis of venous blood.
• Medicines such as non-steroidal - have analgesic and anti-inflammatory action. Their effectiveness is due to the suppression of hydroxy acids, which appear at the site of any breach of the fabric.
• venotoniki - drugs that act which are focused on the consolidation of the veins and circulatory adjustments in them. With their help it is impossible to completely remove the disease, but it is possible to minimize the severity of painful symptoms and prevent the emergence of more dangerous symptoms.
• Hormonal agents. When the disease is very started and already tried out a considerable number of drugs, physicians prescribe the use of this type ointments. They own a powerful act and rapidly overwhelm even the difficult pathology.

Local products occupy an important place in the treatment, it is better to be used in combination with drugs for oral administration.

The most well-known and effective means:

• Vishnevsky ointment - one of the most effective and low-cost means that facilitates blood dilution and resorption of thrombotic masses. Furthermore, the agent has a strong antibacterial effect. It is used as a compress.
• lioton 1000 - protivotrombichesky drug that effectively removes puffiness and inflammation. Gel is applied neat circular motion 3 times a day.
• heparin ointment - antithrombotic agent which when used anti-inflammatory effect, and also prevents the formation of blood clots.
• Venen (Dr. Tice) - a herbal remedy, having a strong and venous decongestant effect. When using gel marked decrease capillary fragility and elimination of pathological processes. Drug applied a thin layer 2 times per day.
• Dolobene - protivotrombicheskoe tool that has absorbing, anti-inflammatory effect. This drug prevents stasis in the veins, but also slows down or completely eliminates the very pathology.

Systemic treatment of thrombophlebitis

Thrombophlebitis of the lower limbs, the symptoms of which depend on the severity of the disease, may complete separation of thrombus from the vessel wall and deaths as a result.

Therefore, the treatment of the disease focuses on three main objectives:

• Stop the proliferation of thrombotic clots and their movements, thereby reducing the risk of pulmonary embolism.
• To eliminate the inflammation.
• Prevent recurrence of disease.

Therapy thrombophlebitis may be conservative and operational.

Showing the following methods of medical treatment:

1. Admission anticoagulants.
2. Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory agents.
3. Systemic enzymes.
4. Thrombolytics.
5. Antibiotics (at infection).
6. Wearing compression underwear.
7. Specific physiotherapy.

During medical treatment, the patient must adhere to the active mode, as the work musculo-venous pump tibia provides intensive blood flow in the deep veins, which serves as an obstacle thrombus formation.

The patient must wear a compression bandage, it is well to minimize the consequences of venous stasis.

If the disease is localized in the region of the thigh or the upper third of the leg, in which case the necessary surgery. It consists in eliminating thrombotic clot and removing superficial venous vessels in various modifications. If pulmonary embolism, there is a risk of the patient shows an application of the cava filter which is located in the inferior vena cava.

ethnoscience

Although herbal medicine and is not a complete cure, but because of its healing properties can quickly eliminate the pain symptoms and accelerate healing.

Effective recipes, proven over the years:

• Chopped green walnuts to pour warm olive oil and insist 45-50 days. Keep the tools you need in a cool place, daily shaking. Application: Gently rub in a circular motion into the sore spots.
• Fit leeches to the inflamed areas. They contribute to thinning the blood vessels to improve, increasing their wall. At advanced stages of the disease, this method is one effective tool that alleviates the symptoms without side effects.
• The leaves of Kalanchoe you must pour 1 liter of alcohol and insist 2 weeks in a dark place, shaking daily. Application: rub into the damaged area.

It is important to remember that herbal medicine is effective only in combination with conventional treatment.

bee products

Painful symptoms of the disease successfully eliminate bee products, their accessibility and ease of preparation of therapeutic agents lifted them to the top in the fight against this disease.

Due to its medicinal properties they:

• Repair damaged areas.
• Establishing hemodynamics.
• Eliminate irritation and itching.
• Promote healing of ulcers formed.

Effective recipes:

1. Ointment of propolis. Butter is necessary to melt and then introduce particulate honey product in the ratio of 10: 1. The mixture was heated to 80 degrees and boil until the ingredients become homogeneous mass. Application: The composition is applied to problem areas accurate movements.
2. Honey lotion. Honey you must infiltrate a linen napkin, and then fit it to the sore spot. For best effect, you can add finely chopped cabbage or kalanchoe.
3. Wax must melt on a steam bath, and fit to inflamed sites as applications.
4. Podmore bees. It is necessary to take a little bit of dead bees and insist them in 500 ml of alcohol for 14 days. Application: The tincture is used as a lotion on damaged areas.
5. It is necessary to take on thin 300 g of honey and 250 g of finely chopped garlic. The components are mixed and infused one week in a dark place. Application: 20 ml per 5 min. before meals for 40 days. This medication has anti-inflammatory and sosudoukreplyayuschim act.

Bee products have properties that help to relieve the swelling and alleviate discomfort while driving. Restore blood circulation and have a positive effect on the condition of blood vessels in the body.

Apple vinegar

Apple cider vinegar has long been used in thrombophlebitis, he brings the best results when used in the early stages of the disease.

Medicinal properties:

• Removes swelling.
• Lightens skin tissue.
• It prevents cramps.
• It eliminates pain.
• It thins the blood.
• It strengthens the veins.

The easiest and effective variation of the use of apple cider vinegar is rubbing the sore points. To use the healing compress must towel soaked in vinegar, fit to inflamed sections 35 - 45 min.

goose-grease

Goose fat has long been used as a weapon in the nation for the treatment of various disorders associated with feet. It still is a popular method, which is used both in pure form or in combination with other ingredients.

As a rule, the product of doing medical cream, for this 100 grams of fat you need to add 35 grams of comfrey root. The components are mixed and infused 15 minutes. By the time of expiry of the medicine is ready for use.

Another equally effective recipe: it is necessary to take 25 g of comfrey, calendula, chamomile, oak bark add to hot fat and infuse 60 minutes. Before using the means necessary to drain.

Herbal infusions oral

Thrombophlebitis of the lower limbs, the symptoms depend on the localization of the thrombus may end violation of the venous outflow, which can lead to hypovolemic shock, often ends in death patient.

Sometimes for a full recovery of some external preparations is not enough in this case to use herbal medicine recommends tincture on medicinal herbs.

• nettle tincture - a positive effect on the circulatory system, strengthens the immune system and the whole body. To prepare the medicine you need 150 g of leaves pour 1 liter of boiling water and leave for 60-90 minutes. Application: 70 ml 3 times per day. The course of treatment - 1 month. If necessary, after 1-2 weeks of treatment may be repeated.
• Chestnut alcoholate - 50 g of the milled mass must be put into the jar and pour 5 liters of alcohol. Infuse in a cool, dark place for 12 days. Application: 4 times a day, 40 drops drugs diluted in 20 ml of water.
• Decoction of oak bark - 25 g powder must be filled with 200 ml of water and simmer for 25 minutes. Application: 20 ml before meals for two weeks. The mixture reduces inflammation, strengthens the venous vessels.

Gymnastics thrombophlebitis

When there is a threat of break of the thrombus and the occurrence of complications in such cases it is desirable to adhere to the quiet rhythm of life: once again not to bother his feet, avoid heavy loads. At this time, we can take hot water treatments and all kinds of massage.

During the recovery period, and for the prevention of disease exercises are very useful. It helps increase the elasticity of vein walls and improves blood circulation, and it is true selected exercises help in the fight against the stagnation of venous blood.

Complex effective exercise

Physiotherapy includes the following exercises:

1. Walking on the ground with his knees. You need to perform steps 20-50.
2. Flapping foot in the right and left side. You need to do 15 times each limb.
3. Bending and circular motion feet. You need to complete the exercise 25-50 times.
4. Pulling his knees to his stomach. You need to perform on the 15 stretching.
5. It is necessary to score 1 up on your toes, on 2 - dip the whole foot on the count of 3 to stand on his heels. The exercise is performed 10 times in 2 sets.
6. Tension and relaxation of the lower leg. It is necessary to carry out 15 times on each side.
7. Lying on his back to simulate cycling. 40 "speed" to perform.
8. Supine on the solid surface is necessary to press the waist to the floor, along the arm body. Legs raised above the floor, you need to turn them to cross, simulating the movement of scissors. It is necessary to perform 20 strokes.
9. Extension of the tibia, in a sitting position on 20 times each.
10. Low intensity jogging.

Note: you must choose exercises comfortably without squeezing the body of the clothes. Exercise is gentle for the patient mode.

How to Eat at a thrombophlebitis

Excess weight - a common cause of thrombophlebitis. Patients who are prone to diseases of the venous system, you need to follow a diet and clean with the diet the following dishes:

• Fried, smoked.
• Sharp.
• Too salty.
• Spicy marinated.
• Pastry.

It is recommended to replace dietary fatty meats, such as chicken, rabbit. You need to give preference to products containing vitamin C. They help to strengthen the veins and blood thinners.

For example:

• Rosehip.
• Sea buckthorn.
• Strawberry.
• Cranberry.
• Tomatoes.
• Persimmon.
• Pumpkin.
• Black currant.
• Sweet pepper.
• Dill.
• Parsley.
• Brussels sprouts.

Necessary food:

1. Seafood - saturate the body minerals and trace elements. Including in the menu dishes of fish and seafood can improve and maintain good heart, because these foods contain essential polyunsaturated fatty acids.
2. Onion - cleans the blood vessels.
3. Garlic - it thins the blood and strengthens blood vessels.
4. milk products - possess a thrombogenic activity.
5. Products with laxative effect: cereals, vegetables rich in fiber. Delay of the chair a risk factor for many diseases, such as thrombus formation.
6. Beef liver - heparin and chromium contained in the product, improve blood clotting, which is necessary for vascular diseases.

Patients must adhere drinking regimen, wherein the amount of water should be drunk reach 1.5-2 liter per day.

Permitted and Prohibited Products

If the patient is taking anticoagulants for the treatment, it is not recommended to use the products, which is composed of vitamin K, as it weakens the action of drugs.

Authorized products: 1. Fish and seafood. 2. milk products 3. Cereals. 4. Vegetables. 5. Fruits. 6. Vegetable oil. 7. Dried fruits. 8. Nuts.

Prohibited products: 1. Red meat. 2. Fatty foods. 3. Sausages. 4. Alcohol. 5. Confectionery. 6. Animal fats. 7. Pickled foods. 8. Legumes.

Thrombophlebitis of the lower extremities diet and physical activity allows you to suspend the progression of the disease, remove the painful symptoms and take the development of possible complications.

Author: Inessa Kalynovska

Registration of the article: Mila Friedan

Videos about thrombophlebitis of the lower limbs

About thrombophlebitis of the lower limbs: