Basophils increased in the adult, as it says in the blood of children. For that answer, the absolute content of the norm, the reason, if lowered in women, men

Type of white blood cells produced in the bone marrow that circulate in the blood, called basophils. They also are outside the blood vessels, in many tissues of the body. Increased basophils adult can indicate various diseases.

The concept of basophils

Although basophils that protect the body by killing harmful bacteria and organisms (including external parasites such as ticks), they can also cause problems if improperly respond.

Basophils contain histamine and heparin - substances depleting the blood and produced by the body.

Histamine, which is released by basophils, is the source of the common symptoms of seasonal allergies such as watery eyes, itching and runny nose. Therefore, antihistamines, which block the action of allergic effective for reducing these symptoms.

Basophils - part of the innate immune system, which means that they can be vague to destroy any bacteria they encounter in the organism. But the increased rates in adults are not always safe.

functions

Innate immune system - is the most important set of mechanisms that allow the body to defend against harmful substances. Basophils are part of the innate immune system, as they are able to quickly respond to foreign substances and microorganisms. They are activated by contact with foreign molecules, specific signal obtained from an immunoglobulin, or other cells.

Most basophil functions depend on the release of histamine and heparin at the site of inflammation. They store them in special structures called granules. When basophils are activated, they release their granules.

Histamine dilates blood vessels and increases blood flow. Heparin - a well-known anti-coagulant, providing anticoagulative action. It also helps to maintain proper blood flow, balancing the processes of blood coagulation. This allows all the necessary cells and substances to get into the site of inflammation from the blood stream.

Activated basophils are also a source of cytokines IL-3 and IL-4. These molecules increase the activity as basophil and other immune cells, Th1 shifting the balance toward Th2.

the absolute content of the norm

Basophils constitute the smaller share of all types of white blood cells. Their amount generally ranges from 0 to 300 / L, or about 1% of the number of leukocytes. Tests on individual counting basophils doctors usually not prescribed, because there is no marked as such signs indicating increase or decrease of the level.

definition of indicators

Test the level of basophils - a blood test that evaluates the degree of activation of basophils caused by allergens. It is used for diagnosis of allergy to a variety of substances, such as food, drugs, dust and other small particles.

Activated basophils are specific molecules on the membrane (CD63 or CD203), which help to identify them. However, there are some medications (eg, omalizumab), which could affect the test result.

The reasons for high rates of the child, adult

In children:

1. Infectious, parasitic or bacterial disease. Worms in the body produce a lot of substances that trigger the immune system. Basophils play a crucial role in the speed and efficiency of the immune response in helminthiasis. They also help the body to respond quickly to infection and bacterial organism defeat.
   
2. Allergy: most often associated with inflammation caused by the activated basophils. When interacting with the allergen basophils activated, they release their granules and cause allergy symptoms.
3. Ulcerative colitis, Crohn's disease. This is a different inflammatory disorders, but they do have some similarities. Ulcerative colitis is an allergic nature, and Crohn's disease is an autoimmune disorder. However, they both cause inflammation, which increases the number of basophils.
4. Leukemia - a form of bone marrow cancer, which produces blood cells. This leads to a large number of white blood cells, including basophils. Basophilia - an important marker of leukemia.
5. Rheumatoid arthritis - an autoimmune disorder that causes an inflammatory response in the joints. Juvenile rheumatoid arthritis is usually accompanied by high levels of circulating basophils. However, adults with this disease sometimes have low rates.
6. Asthma. This disease is a serious inflammatory and allergic diseases. It begins with the increase in reactivity to common inhalant allergens. This disease is known for its "attacks" that cause shortness of breath and cough. Basophils play an important role in the development of asthma, but their level in the blood is usually in the normal range. It is important to note that patients with allergic asthma are sensitive to the level of basophils and an increase indicates a forthcoming attack.

In adults:

1. Hives - a kind of skin rash with red bumps called wheals. It is also characterized by severe itching. This condition is usually caused by an infection or allergic reaction. This condition is usually caused by active molecules secreted by basophils and mast cells. Basophils migrate from the blood into urticaria blisters during disease activity, thereby causing the basophils.
2. Lupus - autoimmune pathology, when the immune system attacks healthy organic cells. This leads to inflammation in different parts of the body (for example, joints, heart, brain). Inflammation in lupus increases speed cluster of basophils in secondary lymph organs, such as lymph nodes, tonsils and spleen, which increases the level of basophils in blood.

   

3. Basophils increased in adults may be due to smokingBecause it reduces the level of the intact blood cells. Therefore, it often leads to basophils. In support of this, a study conducted in 2011 with 498 participants, showed basophilia in smokers.
4. corticosteroids increase the activity of basophils and their number. When taking such drugs basophils level can be increased.
5. Anxious depression. A study involving 709 people showed that during the anxious depression in people povyshetsya level basophils. This may be due to the involvement of inflammation in the development of this type of depression.

Myeloproliferative neoplasms (MES)

MEAs are characterized by overproduction of mature blood cells and an increased risk of thromboembolic complications.

Molecular losses associated with these disorders are also activated, the circulating blood cells.

Communication between the activation of white blood cells and thrombosis of myeloproliferative neoplasms even more intensified by finding in these patients increased concentrations of several coagulation markers and activation endothelium.

Thus, patients with elevated activation of leukocytes and platelets shows an increase in prothrombin 1 + 2, D-dimer, thrombin-antithrombin complex, von Willebrand factor, and thrombomodulin.

Oncology

34 of the 750 patients included in the Medical Research Council (IIA) 9th acute myeloid leukemia, have more than 1% basophils (range 1-27%), often with bizarre and primitive forms of granulation, which is a rare discovery in this disease. Attended both normal and abnormal karyotypes, including anomalies 6p, 12p and Philadelphia chromosomes.

Basophilia was found in the single-line and multiline in leukemias, and the most common French-American-British (FAB) classification group was M2, followed by M4.

Basophils, was not similar associated with worse prognosis, although there have been cases where 6p anomaly leads to death due to the disease that was resistant to conventional single-line chemotherapy.

lymphoma

Another reason for the increase in basophils - Hodgkins Lymphoma is, which is painless (but very serious), worsening the condition in which increased lymphoid tissue. Lymphoid tissue - a type of tissue that contains lispotsity. Limpotsity - a type of white blood cells that help the body fight disease.

Allergy

Basophils increased in adults may be mostly due to allergic reactions.

There are several types of reactions:

• food allergy.
• drug allergy.
• hay fever.
• allergic rhinitis.

Allergy symptoms:

• Sneezing.
• Runny or stuffy nose.
• Itchy and watery eyes.
• itchy skin.
• Hoarseness.
• Rash.
• Hives.
• Nausea or vomiting.
• Diarrhea.
• Labored breathing.
  
• Swelling of the mouth and tongue.

inflammatory processes

Inflammatory reaction at higher basophils can be of several types:

• inflammatory bowel disease.
• ulcerative colitis.
• rheumatoid arthritis.

Common symptoms of inflammation:

• joint swelling;
• joint pain;
• fatigue;
• fever;
• weight loss;
• sneezing;
• nasal congestion;
• watery eyes;
• hives;
• nausea or vomiting;
• diarrhea;

Infection

Basophils increased in adults are due to infection. This is one of the most common causes. This happens in the event that the damaged area of ​​skin is not treated on time or got any contamination.

The following symptoms may be seen at the contact with the infection:

• Feeling unwell.
• Feeling tired.
• Constipation.
• Temperature rise.
• Drowsiness.
• Fever.
  
• Night sweats.
• Loss of appetite.

Any of the features can not be guaranteed to cause infection and growth basophils level. You can not self-medicate, but the observation of some or all symptoms need to get tested.

iron deficiency

Manifestations of anemia at high levels of basophils:

• splenomegaly;
• infection;
• abdominal pain;
• hemorrhage;

endocrinopathy

Signs endocrinopathies at elevated basophils:

• diarrhea;
• spasmodic attacks in the abdomen;
• rectal pain or bleeding;
• sudden weight loss;
• fatigue;
• heat.

Diabetes

Diabetes - it is also one of the causes of basophilia.

Here are the main signs of elevated rates of diabetes:

• fatigue;
• weakness;
• headache;
• dizziness;
• dyspnea;
• night sweats;

Signs of increased basophils

Basophils increased in the adult may be in the case of hypothyroidism: this may occur if the thyroid gland is not able to produce enough hormones.

In this case, the following symptoms can be seen:

• Face edema.
• Hoarseness.
• Brittle hair.
• Chapped skin.
• Weight gain for no reason.
• Loose stools.
• A significant lowering of the temperature, the impossibility of increasing.

Myeloproliferative disorders: This refers to those diseases which cause an excessive number of white or red blood cells, which are produced in the bone marrow.

It happens rarely, but these disorders can lead to cancer.

Signs levels decrease in women, men

Lowering basophils can cause itching and other allergy symptoms. Still other symptoms depend on the type of disease that causes the problem.

Signs of low basophils:

• fatigue;
• weakness;
• cephalalgia;
• dizziness;
• dyspnea;
• night sweats;
• heat;
• unexplained weight loss;
• dyspnea;
• numbness, tingling in the extremities;
• aches in the bones;
  
• abdominal discomfort, bloating;

therapies

She basophils, as a rule, can not be cured, but the general condition can be improved if it entailed consequences:

• Chemotherapy. The drugs used for this treatment, destroy excess blood cells in the body.
• Radiation therapy. For this type of treatment uses high-energy x-rays to kill the extra blood cells.
• Surgery. If the spleen is enlarged, the doctor can remove it. This operation is called a splenectomy.
• Stem cell transplantation. This procedure replaces the basophils stem cells in the bone marrow, so it helps to renew the cells.
• Ulcerative colitis and rheumatoid arthritis treated with drugs that relieve inflammatory lesions, improve the immune system.
• Infections caused by bacteria, Treated with antibiotics.

preparations

Caffeine directly reduces the activity basophils. There are two basic forms of it: mTOR inhibitor or PKA.

The choice in favor of any of them does the physician.

• Adrenalin. Acute stress and increased adrenaline (epinephrine) reduce functional activity basophils. It must be remembered that norepinephrine and chronic stress can cause the opposite effect.
• Crocin. The study consisting of 44 members, crocin tablets (20 mg) was reduced number of basophils nearly 15%. Generally crocin saffron is the compound, but the plant itself ineffective during prolonged use.
• α-melanocyte-stimulating hormone (Α-MSH). Research has shown that α-MSH reduces basophil response to allergens. Thus, anything that increases the level of this hormone, can also be used to reduce inflammation and allergies.
• The extract of Japanese mountaineer. In a study in animal models, the extract inhibit SYK signal path is present in mast cells and basophils in. This reduced the histamine production, production of allergic cytokines and therefore had antiallergic activity. In a study of 20 participating extract showed anti-inflammatory properties.
  
• Cortex Mori Radisis. Inflammation of the cerebral cortex reduces the levels of immunoglobulin and Th2 cytokines. Because they are important for the activation of basophils, the extract reduces the inflammatory status.
• Extract bulligny Natalensisa. Adoption of this extract for 7 days reduces basophils figures 30-40%. But it can cause hardening of the arteries (atherosclerosis).

Whether self permissible?

basophilia treatment at home can be dangerous, since only tests can identify the problem, and the doctor - treatment plan. Therefore, resorting to folk prescriptions can not - it can lead to dysfunction of the internal systems of the body.

Prevention basophilia

For the prevention of basophilia possible to use weak antihistamines, topically applied hydrocortisone cream, to avoid all possible allergens.

Disease in children and adults, accompanied by a rise in basophils, are always considered individually, so if you Comment frequent symptoms, you should go to the hospital - only by a qualified specialist will be able to appoint an effective treatment.

Registration of the article: Lozinski Oleg

Video of basophils

Classification and importance of human leukocytes: