Ovarian cyst - cavitary ovary formation containing fluid.
Ovary - paired internal organ Woman performs hormonal and reproductive function. Ovaries are egg. In the reproductive age, they mature in one month with access through the fallopian tubes into the uterus. Unfortunately, the occurrence of ovarian cysts is characteristic of women is of childbearing age.
There are different types of cysts. So, there is absolutely harmless ovarian cyst (functional) that can appear and disappear without medical treatment and intervention. But there are varieties of cysts, which represent a real threat and danger to women's health. They affect the reproductive function of women, that is, its ability to become pregnant and make this pregnancy (if prolonged or delayed treatment).
Types of ovarian cysts and their causes
Secure ovarian cyst (functional) appears as a result of training the woman's body to leave the mature egg (ovulation) from the ovaries.
Pathological ovarian cyst occurs most often as a result of the stable of hormonal balance in the ovaries malfunction.
functional cysts
One of the most common species is the functional ovarian cyst. The ovaries are so arranged that initially predisposed to the formation of cysts, especially during ovulation. Egg are in special cavities of the ovary, called follicles. Often, due to certain failures in a woman's body in the ovary begin to ripen several follicles at the same time. In case of abnormal menstrual formed cysts at the site of the follicle, called functional.
It's a safe education, which does not require treatment and active intervention. A mere observation. This cyst does not manifest itself, and eventually, within two or three cyclic changes (menstrual cycle), it dissolves and goes away without leaving a trace. A functional ovarian cyst is most common in women of reproductive age.
Other types of cysts
Besides functionality, there are several other types of ovarian cysts, which can cause complications and require medical or surgical treatment.
- Dermoid cyst of the ovary - is the most common cyst, the cavity is filled with fabrics, not specific to ovarian. The most common cysts of the skin tissue and bone tissue.
- Endometrioid ovarian cyst - the second in frequency of occurrence. It's all a bit complicated. Endometrial tissue - the tissue lining of the uterus. Accordingly, for this cysts characteristic appearance in its cavity mucosal tissues of the uterus. Second, the informal name it - "Chocolate" because of the deep red color of blood, which fills the cyst cavity.
- Polycystic ovarian disease - many small cysts on the ovary surface.
Symptoms of ovarian cysts
In most cases, ovarian cyst symptoms implicitly sometimes manifested abdominal pain, or you feel pressure on your stomach. There are cases when there is pain during sexual intercourse. In such cases, you need to seek medical help, and need immediate hospitalization when a severe pain.
Pressure in the stomach, and the sensation of pain can be caused by the following factors:
- occurrence of bleeding or rupture the cyst;
- large size cysts;
- twisting of the cyst, it violates the inflow of blood.
The most common symptom of the disease - is the emergence of irregular painful menstruation coming, usually late. Increase in abdominal size or bloating may also indicate the emergence or development of abnormal ovarian cysts.
Since in most cases are asymptomatic cyst ovary develops, the only way of its diagnosis at an early stage is an ultrasonic inspection (ultrasound) Pelvis. which should be carried out once a year.
Treatment
Regimen of ovarian cysts depends on several factors such as the type and size of the state of health of women and their age, plans for the future offspring, the presence of symptoms and the severity of the disease. It is clear that the sooner it is detected, the easier, faster and more effective treatment will be.
There are several schemes disease treatment based on the symptoms and diagnostic results:
- Observation - detection of ovarian cysts and absence of complaints from female doctor watches patient several menstrual cycles for accurate diagnosis and further determining tactics treatment. In the case of a functional cyst that is enough, because very often it resolves itself.
- Antibiotic, anti-inflammatory treatment regimen.
- Hormone therapy normalizes and stabilizes hormonal woman background. Very often one of the treatment points is a welcome female oral contraceptives that have not only the therapeutic effect, but also preventive. Women taking hormone pills, reduced the risk not only of new cysts, but also to the emergence of malignant tumors.
- Operative intervention - resort to it in acute forms cysts, when it is impossible or low efficiency of the treatment methods described above.
Ovarian cysts and pregnancy
With a favorable outcome of the treatment of the reproductive function is not impaired - provided that there are no other violations in the genital system of women. In addition, during surgery can eliminate not only the main problem, but also comorbidities (check the level of the Fallopian tubes, divide adhesions, etc..).
Modern medicine allows you to do surgery with minimal trauma to the tissues of the abdominal cavity. Such operations are called laparoscopy. In addition to the minimum of injuries, they reduce the patient's adaptation time after surgery to reduce the risk of complications and adhesions.
