Stomatitis called inflammation in the mucous membranes of the mouth in children and adults. They arise due to various reasons.
When stomatitis characterized by redness, swelling, eroded surface portions are formed or sores, blisters. Often stomatitis occurs in children, in adults occurs most often as a secondary process.
Causes
Stomatitis can be primary, as an independent pathology, and secondary, as one of the manifestations of various diseases of a general nature.
One of the symptoms of stomatitis becomes:
- as a sign of immunodeficiency states,
- one manifestation scleroderma,
- When a system streptoderma,
- at pemphigus.
It is important to note that the above diseases indicate frequent episodes of thrush, its multiple pockets.
Stomatitis as an independent pathology may result from:
- trauma, mechanical damage to mucous edges sharp teeth at their spalling, solid food, dentures, toys (in children).
- burn injury hot liquids or foods,
- allergic reactions to medication intake, toothpastes and mouthwashes, and other dental restorative materials,
- infections of the oral cavity and mucous. These include stomatitis candidal (fungal), herpes lesions, sometimes there are lesions caused by opportunistic flora of the mouth.
Contribute to the development of stomatitis disorders oral hygiene, inadequate for her care, frequent respiratory infections, diabetes, allergy different origin.
types of stomatitis
By type of pathogen stomatitis can be divided into:
- viral,
- microbial,
- somatic.
By origin share:
- candidiasis,
- herpes,
- aphthous stomatitis,
- allergic disease,
- stomatitis Vincent (ulcerative-necrotic).
symptoms of stomatitis
Common symptoms include stomatitis
- infringements mucosa integrity oral
- discomfort, burning,
- the formation of ulcers, vesicles, erosions,
- pain when eating,
- as well as varying degrees of common manifestations of minor malaise to raise the temperature and severe conditions.
Aphthous stomatitis is often a kind of marker digestive diseases and seasonal allergies, so it is necessary to seek the true cause of the manifestations in the oral cavity.
When catarrhal (surface) stomatitis occurs redness, swelling and tenderness of the mucosa, particularly painful process happens meal increases salivation (saliva), gingival bleeding may occurs a bad smell from mouth. Sometimes the surface area may be marked inflammation the appearance of a yellow-white plaque.
Ulcers form stomatitis occurs with the progression catarrhalis or as a separate form. Ulcers on the oral mucosa from small to large and deep, with a touch on the surface. Increased body temperature, greatly enlarged and painful lymph nodes. Expressed general weakness and headaches.
Stomatitis Vincent or ulcerative necrotic - is an infection of the oral cavity complex of two agents (Bacillus fusiformis and Borellia vincentii). This form stomatitis typically occurs during periods of sudden reduction of immunity, hypovitaminosis, whereas in the oral cavity having erosion and ulcers, disrupted overall health. There is a fever. Gums are bleeding and painful mouth occurs putrid smell. Primary sores formed around the edge of the gums, gradually moving on all mucous membranes.
Aphthous stomatitis manifested in the formation of single or multiple mucous aphthae (sores circular or oval shape). They are sharply separated from healthy tissue inflammatory rim, center aphthous plaques yellow or dirty gray patina. Pronounced intoxication syndrome, fever, sore mouth. At the site of the AFL-healing scars may remain.
Herpetic stomatitis primarily affects children, it begins abruptly with high fever and impaired health. The oral mucosal erythema occurs, swelling and small petechial hemorrhages, bleeding gums. Perhaps hypersalivation and halitosis. After a couple of days at mucosal plaques formed in the form of bubbles with the liquid inside the group, and quickly opened forming necrotic zones.
In children, symptoms of stomatitis are usually more severe than in adults, accompanied by general symptoms, violate diet and sleep, causing a sharp pain, making it difficult to process the oral cavity.
Herpetic and aphthous stomatitis severe in this. In adults, stomatitis is often localized forms and common manifestations are significant enough.
Diagnostics
The basis of the diagnosis - a dentist examination and identification of obvious signs of stomatitis. Sometimes to identify candidiasis or herpes study adds to laboratory tests - bakposeve PCR smear. When persistent stomatitis necessary to study blood glucose and consultation of the therapist or pediatrician.
It is important to distinguish between an aphthous and herpetic stomatitis, and even the doctor often confused. It is necessary for the proper treatment. Other forms are treated as a general principle.
stomatitis treatment
The mainstay of treatment of any form of stomatitis - a pain relief and reduce inflammation. Primarily used oral irrigation or application of local anesthetics. It is especially important to handle the mouth before meals to children.
To stimulate the healing and combat microbial infection using solutions grasses (oak bark, linden blossom, broth chamomile, hypericum, calendula), or solution furatsillina miramistina.
When stomatitis virus nature apply antiviral ointment.
In order to create a protective film on ulcers used vazilin, dog-rose oil and sea buckthorn juice of aloe. They help in the regeneration of the epithelium.
Fungal stomatitis used antifungal drugs - Candida for localized treatment, miramistin, Geksoral.
For a general treatment of stomatitis apply physiotherapy, vitamin therapy, immunotherapy.
Complications and prognosis
Stomatitis usually takes place without any complications, but in severe cases it may be a generalization of the process, the accession of a secondary infection. In general, the prognosis for a favorable stomatitis. They go unnoticed.
