Letting platelets - a procedure for the separation of platelets from the blood supply. It is used to treat patients of various diseases. There donor plateletpheresis, which implies a subsequent "transfusion" resulting mass recipient.
Why is it necessary
Platelets are an important part of the blood. These platelets protect the organism against bleeding, sealing the formed tissue damage. They are responsible for the growth factor, due to which there is a restoration and healing of tissues.
Plateletpheresis carried out not only as a donor procedures. People who have an increased content of blood platelets, need to reduce their number in order to prevent thrombosis. For example, this procedure is shown in chronic myeloid leukemia. Platelet donation used for production of pharmaceuticals.
Donor plateletpheresis necessary for people with reduced platelets. The indications for it are:
- thrombocytopenia;
- trombosteniya;
- hemophilia;
- DIC (low blood clotting);
- bleeding (uterine in gastrointestinal system, bladder and kidney);
- severe blood loss caused by surgery;
- nosebleeds and vaginal bleeding in the mucous membranes.
The need for determined by the attending physician. to learn platelet countContained in human blood, you must take it on the blood and biochemical analysis.
Requirements for donor
Before the plateletpheresis donors need to understand that this procedure is totally different from the traditional blood donation. It is complicated and is held by means of special devices that share a blood fraction and withdraw only platelets. It takes it all in a few hours. This leads to a large number of requirements to be met by potential donors.
A person who wants to pass platelet mass, should be completely healthy. Primary requirements:
- age 18 years or older;
- weight of not less than 50 kg .;
- lack of body tattooing and body piercing;
- maintaining a healthy lifestyle.
Contraindications
Contraindications to plateletpheresis are:
- During pregnancy and lactation.
- Vaccination and surgery less than six months ago.
- Eating alkogolesoderzhaschih drinks in less than 2 days before the procedure.
- Concussion.
- The presence of transplanted organs.
- Oncological diseases.
- Alcoholism and drug addiction.
- Cardiovascular diseases.
- HIV infection and AIDS.
- Asthma.
- Tuberculosis.
- The presence of ulcers.
- Hepatitis.
- Viral diseases.
- The presence of inflammatory processes in the body.
- Acute and chronic disease.
- Mental disorders.
- Inhibited it.
- Visual and hearing impairment.
- Conducting medical therapy.
For women, another contraindication is menstruating.
Resolution on donor platelets fence makes a doctor. Affect the quality of the procedure can also:
- Physical fatigue, because fatigue leads to a decrease in the number of platelets in the blood. This not only deprives the meaning of energy-intensive process, but it can badly affect the human health, provoking a loss of consciousness.
- Allergic reactions and poisoning.
- Medication promoting blood dilution.
Training
Before the trombofereza donor should carefully prepare the procedure. At the initial stage it undergoes a complete diagnosis of the organism in the presence or absence of contraindications. To do this, he needs a blood test. Upon completion of the survey the therapist prescribes imprisonment.
If contraindications to platelet delivery no donor proceeds to the second stage - the immediate preparation for the procedure. The basic rules that must be followed:
- Two weeks prior to the trombofereza should stop taking the drugs.
- For 5-7 days prior to the date can not drink alcohol and nicotine.
- For 3-4 days to avoid excessive physical and mental stress. At the time of the procedure, the body must be recharged.
- you must pay special attention to nutrition. From fast food and other harmful food donor must give up. Eat need healthy food containing a sufficient amount of minerals and vitamins. Consumption of acute and fried foods should be kept to a minimum, because they adversely affect the functioning of the liver.
- Also prohibited the use of citrus and dairy products. On the day of delivery of blood platelets to the donor should be hearty breakfast. Perfectly suited cereal, bread and rolls that contain complex carbohydrates, which provide the body with energy for a long time.
- Try to minimize the risk of injuries, because shortly body is weakened to a lesser extent capable of regeneration.
- Immediately before tromboferezom donor should sleep well.
All necessary information about the procedure provides health care worker. Neglect to comply with the recommendations could lead to violations of health, so you should take a responsible approach to this issue.
On the day of delivery of the platelet donor screening takes place again. Donates blood for analysis. If after the procedure are identified in assays deviation indicators platelet utilized in connection with the unsuitability.
How to pass platelets
For platelets is necessary to "filter out" the blood, separating the total weight of all platelets. Mark the donor blood volume of 500 ml, familiar to donating blood, it is not sufficient as it will low platelet count. Therefore, the procedure fence platelets involves complete isolation of platelets from whole blood volume.
Blood donation procedure is carried out using special equipment. The process includes the following steps:
- The donor is in a special chair.
- His arm is fixed. The vein needle is inserted via a tube connected to the separating unit. Through her blood was taken and distilled it into the machine.
- The other hand is attached is the same tube, through which the filtered blood will flow back into the body of the donor.
- Tenanted donor blood moves into the centrifuge where it is separated into fractions.
- The resulting platelet concentrate is placed in a sealed container.
- Upon completion of the donor procedures offer sweet tea, and chocolate, then he can go home.
After the procedure, blood donation should carefully monitor their health, avoid cuts and injuries because blood coagulation will be low. After 3-4 days in the blood platelet count recovers.
Sometimes after the date of platelet donor may experience general weakness, dizziness, and somnolence. But there is non-compliance with the doctor's recommendations in preparation for the procedure, for example, insufficient rest or strenuous exercise immediately before take the platelets.
How often can I donate blood platelets
Carrying trombofereza allowed no more than three times a year. Between treatments must be maintained interval of at least 4 months.
Frequent procedures may adversely affect the health of the donor, so that the disease may have blood and bone marrow problems.
whether it is harmful
People wanting to donate, donate platelets are interested in whether harmful. trombofereza procedure, as well as other interference in the human body, can lead to negative consequences for the donor:
- In the first days after the date of platelets high risk of bleeding, especially in case of wounds and injuries.
- There is a risk of infection through needle introduced, so the procedure should only be performed at medical centers and institutions.
- Feeling unwell for a few days.
According to experts, in compliance with all the rules and recommendations of the procedure is useful for the organism. The advantages trombofereza include:
- Rejuvenation of the body. This shake makes it work and updated. Donating blood is recommended for hormonal failures.
- Mandatory rest after donating platelets. Medical institution agrees to authorize the release of the donor from work for 2-3 days.
- From a moral and ethical point of view, the donor will be a reason to be proud of - the ability to save someone's life.
- Opportunity to take the platelets for the money.
Doctors say that people who regularly handing platelets increases overall immunity and dozens of times reduced risk of cancer, compared with those who never made this procedure.
