Mastitis in nursing mothers. Symptoms and treatment in the home looks like, photo. Antibiotics, massages, ointments, compresses, folk remedies. How to treat, to what doctor

Mastitis is an infectious disease that attacks the mammary glands. He often exposed lactating newly born baby, but there are cases of the disease and at a later date.

Treatment depends on the symptoms of the pathology. Exclude complications will prompt treatment and prevent the disease altogether possible with proper breastfeeding. It is necessary to follow the regular emptying of breast milk.

What is mastitis

Inflammation in the mammary gland in most cases acute. Most often, we are talking about lactation mastitis, which occurs due to the lack of experience of feeding in young mothers. Also, the pathology can be diagnosed and newborns.

Mastitis pathogens are Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus. They penetrate into the mammary gland via the teat into the crack or other damage.

Breastfeeding moms disease develops in stagnant milk (lactostasis). When the cluster is formed pathogens infiltrate wherein suppuration may occur. Purulent mastitis flows into an abscess or phlegmon and gangrene.

types of mastitis

The disease comes in two forms: infectious and non-infectious.

Each of them has its own characteristics:

• Non-infectious mastitis. In cases of serious congestive processes in the gland is actively developing edema, and increases the patient's body temperature. Moreover, when the stagnant milk in a breast processes is a favorable environment for the active growth and reproduction of bacteria. As a result, this type of mastitis can quickly flow into the infectious form due to improper or delayed treatment.
• Infectious mastitis. Since the skin surface in the internal tissue of the breast women can get various microorganisms that trigger the inflammatory process. Most often, this pathology provokes serious Staphylococcus aureus.

What is dangerous for mastitis breastfeeding mother

Mastitis in nursing mothers, symptoms and treatment, and that preventive measures should be known to the women at the stage of family planning, responds well to treatment at an early stage. Even one day of delay is a huge risk. Symptomatology mastitis develops and increases with each passing hour.

Risk of mastitis for women is as follows:

• The mammary gland can accumulate pus, and then it strikes, and a second chest, in which case the only solution - operation. Seams can become an aesthetic problem.
  
• In the worst case scenario, the infection gets through the blood to other organs and cause diseases that threaten life and health of the woman.
• When the disease occurring in the purulent form is strictly prohibited breastfeeding, as pus can get into the body of the child with milk.

the disease stage

Mastitis in nursing mothers, symptoms and treatment, as well as its clinical manifestations depend on the stage of the disease.

Several of them:

• Serous. The easiest, i.e. initial stage of mastitis in which only a certain area of ​​the female breast is filled with inflammatory fluid. There is a seal, redness and soreness of the chest area. Also, there is a high body temperature. The disease develops rapidly, and in the absence of treatment after 2-3 days it can go to the next stage.
• Infiltrative. When the infection affects the neighboring dairy share the infiltrate. It is noted swelling of the glands, redness and increase its size. On palpation palpable seal having clear boundaries. Symptomatology becomes pronounced.
• Purulent. At this stage, the woman feels the chills, fever and increased heart rate. Breast becomes edematous, the area of ​​inflammation becomes bright red or bluish tinge to the skin. Touching breasts cause unbearable pain, feel the pulsation. When pressed on the nipple with milk stands out blood and pus. This is an extremely dangerous step requires immediate treatment.

Causes of mastitis

The main cause of the disease is the infiltration of pathogenic microorganisms in the breast tissue ducts.

The reasons can be classified by type of disease:

• puerperal mastitis It develops due to poor breast emptying due to poor attachment and infection in stagnant areas is developing quite rapidly;
• fibro-cystic mastitis formed in the presence of a cyst in the breast. Delayed treatment can lead to cancer and other serious pathologies. Most often, this pathology is diagnosed in women during menopause and puberty adolescents;
  
• mastitis newborn develops under the influence of lactogenic hormones entering the body of a child from the mother's milk. It can develop in a child irrespective of its sex.

Symptoms and signs of mastitis

Mastitis in nursing mothers, symptoms and treatment depends on the stage of the disease is manifested by the following symptoms:

• increase breast size and its swelling;
• pain and discomfort;
• swelling of the site of inflammation and redness;
• malaise, chills, weakness, drowsiness;
• the body temperature of 37.5 - 40 degrees;
• dizziness, vomiting, cramps (intoxication).

What not to do if you suspect mastitis

What is forbidden to do with suspicion, as well as the diagnosis of mastitis should know any woman.

Some actions can lead to complications:

• And kneading massage the breast, as well as long-term pumping leads to the development of further swelling.
  
• Any hot compress or warm shower should be used with extreme caution. Small heat to the chest area may assist in racking, but only at the initial stage of the disease. It is better to give up all the warming procedures, as they can increase the inflammatory process. Especially it concerns the purulent stage.
• Alcohol-based compresses warm the affected area and exacerbate the inflammatory process. Alcohol significantly reduces the production of the hormone oxytocin, which is difficult without milk outflow.
• Restriction drink liquid may be hazardous at high temperature. A woman should drink, but better to do it in small sips and in small portions. Hot drinks actually lead to an active flow of her milk. It is better to give preference to the treated water, the temperature of which is close to the temperature of a woman's body.

Diagnostics

Mastitis in nursing mothers, symptoms and treatments which are very serious, diagnosed by a breast or a gynecologist by interviewing the patient and feeling breast.

It may take a blood test and bacterial seeding of milk. The diagnosis is also produced as a result of ultrasound.

mastitis treatment

treatment policy is selected based on the form of the disease and the time elapsed from onset of symptoms.

The basic principles of treatment are as follows:

• termination of bacterial growth;
• anesthesia;
• removal of the inflammatory process.

Mastitis with purulent inflammation of the lactating mother with his severe symptoms require proper treatment. In no case can not be cured at home. At this stage the only surgery. Recovery also contribute to the preparations for the suppression of lactation (Dostinex, Parlodeil and others), who are appointed only physician.

After a full recovery can be resumed lactation.

When infiltrative or serous stage, when there is no pus, you can do conservative treatment. Requires regular pumping to prevent severe stagnation, provoking the growth of bacteria. Pain relieve local anesthetic drugs.

The main treatment is antibiotic therapy. After determining the sensitivity of microorganisms, Dr. assigns a specific drug.

Commonly used antibiotics such groups:

• cephalosporin;
• penicillins;
• aminoglycosides.

Antibiotics can be taken either orally or intramuscularly, and in special cases and intravenously. Traditional medicines is not recommended to use, as each day of delay with adequate therapy can significantly increase the risk of serious consequences.

Drug treatment of mastitis

In uncomplicated step mastitis conservative treatment can be used at home.

In such cases, allowed to use:

1. Nospanum or oxytocin to facilitate the outflow of milk.
   
2. Novocaine blockade to relieve pain.
3. Antihistamines for relief of inflammation.
4. Ibuprofen and Paracetamol as antipyretic agents.
5. Ointments (Traumeel, Levomekol and others) for topical application, reducing swelling and pain.

Ointments and creams

mastitis treatment often involves the use of local medicines in the form of ointments and creams that are applied only to the affected areas of the female breast. They relieve swelling, reduce inflammation and pain.

Most popular ointments and creams used in the treatment of:

• Traumeel It possesses anti-inflammatory and analgesic action. It effectively reduces the swelling and stop bleeding. The drug increases the vascular tone and relieves pain. He successfully applied in combination with other drugs in the fight against disease, and in the postoperative period.
• ihtiolovaya ointment is an antiseptic that is able to reduce inflammation and to provide an analgesic effect. Natural composition makes drug safety, and prevents side effects.
• heparin ointment contains heparin sodium, which, releasing, anti-inflammatory and protivotrombaticheskoe action. It promotes the resorption of seals and prevents the development of new ones.
  
• levomekol is a combined drug containing no ancillary components. It is applied to the affected area, where the active has a therapeutic effect: reduces inflammation, kills germs. The ointment is applied in the early postoperative period for regeneration.

Home Treatment

Home treatment of mastitis is possible only after a doctor examination. Self-medication and the use of traditional medicine can lead to dangerous consequences.

It justified this method of treatment only in the following cases:

• general condition of the woman is not broken;
• with the onset of symptoms was not more than three days;
• body temperature does not rise above 37.5 degrees;
• of the breast is not pus;
• pain in the area of ​​the seal is moderate, but its size does not exceed a quarter of the breast.
• normal blood test indicators.

At higher temperatures it is not recommended to self-start. Inspection of a doctor in this case is required, since this symptom may indicate the beginning of a purulent inflammation.

If you do not get better in a day from the beginning of treatment the woman home, the doctor writes out her antibiotics.

compresses

Many women treat mastitis initial stage at home.

To do this, often using different packs:

• Of magnesia. Vial should be warmed in warm water, and pour the contents of the vial on the gauze, which is placed in a bra. Top wrap a warm scarf or a sweater is worn.
• Cabbage leaf. It is necessary to wash the leaf of the fresh cabbage, and make a scratch on it using a fork or a knife. It applied a teaspoon of honey, and the sheet is applied to a patient chest. As soon as he will wither - compress can be changed.
• Honey can be mixed with egg and juice of aloe and attach the resulting slurry to the affected area as a compress, wrapped from top to warm bandage.
• 3 tbsp. l. cottage cheese, must be mixed with 1 hour. l. warm honey and put it in the focus of inflammation, covering the top with a plastic bag and wrapped a warm scarf. This composition helps reduce pain and contribute to early resorption seals.
• Vodka and any alcohol-compress to do is prohibited. It can be effective only in the initial stages of the disease, but in this case the risk is not justified.

mastitis treatment of folk remedies

Traditional medicine is full of recipes for combating mastitis.

Some of them are very popular among women:

• whole wheat tortilla. In 1 cup rye flour is necessary to add 2 tbsp. l. warm honey and knead the dough. Cake you need to put on tape and attach to the patient chest for 4-6 hours. Compress the top you need to roll a warm scarf.
• Starch. Potato starch to be mixed with any vegetable oil to a slurry state, and applying it to the stagnation region.
• Baked onions. You need to bake in the oven a little onion and after cooling applied to the sore spot.
  
• Figs. It is necessary to boil the milk two small figs. Warm fruit stacked on the painful area as a compress.

In mild form of mastitis, traditional medicine can be quite effective.

Massage

In uncomplicated mastitis can help massage. Mammary gland is necessary to relax the spiral light movements from the breast to the middle of the edges. Only then can we begin to acupressure diseased area.

Point massage should be a seal or painful area. Each of them massaged separately in a clockwise direction from the center to the periphery.

When promassirovat all the painful area, you can proceed to the general breast massage. It starts from the axillary areas where nerves are able to relax breast ducts. Acupressure should last no longer than 5 minutes. This procedure will help to improve the milk churn. Most importantly perform all the movements very accurately and easily.

If no infiltration in the gland, the massage can lead to a complete emptying of the breast and remove the seals. For easier pumping, you can use a breast pump, if it does not cause severe pain.

operative therapy

Surgery The law states that the presence of pus is a direct indication for the cut.

Features of surgical intervention in mastitis disease are as follows:

1. During the operation, using general anesthesia.
2. The volume of intervention depends on the stage of the lesion and its area.
3. It is mandatory to use drainage to accelerate drainage and sanitation of the hearth.
4. Necessarily produced antibacterial treatment.
5. Used drugs that inhibit milk production.

Possible consequences and complications

Mastitis is an inflammatory process of any infectious nature, caused by staphylococci may strongly complicated.

These complications include:

• Bacterial pericarditis;
• meningitis;
  
• sepsis;
• toxic shock syndrome;
• DIC - syndrome.

Breastfeeding at disease mastitis

The question of whether to breastfeed is very controversial in mastitis. The answer to it depends on the symptoms, and stage of the disease, as well as methods of treatment. In most cases the breast is possible and even necessary, because often the child's attachment to help women effectively empty the chest and fight the disease.

Nothing and nobody will be able to empty the breast better, than the sucking child.

In the absence of pus, breast milk does not harm the child. Ingestion kid pathogenic bacteria will give him the antibodies of the disease. Even if you change the color or consistency of the milk does not have to limit breastfeeding.

The elevated temperature is not a factor prohibiting breastfeeding, milk quality does not change in this case. On the contrary, HBV completion may harm mother of the child. Actively abiding milk will only worsen the situation.

When purulent inflammation of the decision to accept the possibility of feeding the doctor. It depends on the stage of the disease and the number of pus, as well as drug therapy, which is incompatible with breastfeeding.

prevention

Young mother must try every possible way to prevent the progression of the disease, as prevention is better than any cure. If the kid and his mom feel good, no problems with feeding will not occur.

Preventive measures are as follows:

• good attachment, in which the baby's mouth is the whole aura of the nipple;
• you need to feed your baby on the regime as well if the milk very much, it is possible to feed it on demand, that is, the first cry to give the baby the breast;
• you can not pinch the breast during feeding, as well as to put pressure on the halo;
• if for whatever reason it was missed feeding, a woman must necessarily express milk;
• Underwear should be soft, not to compress the chest;
  
• Bra is selected so that the girth was in size and spacious cup;
• hypothermia, constant stress and neuroses may provoke undermine the immune system and the development of inflammation in the mammary glands;
• you must avoid any chest injuries, as well as their kinked during sleep.

A problem such as mastitis may occur in nulliparous women and lactating mothers. The best prevention of disease is adherence to the simple rules of personal hygiene, prevention every injury nipples and proper treatment of infectious disease patterns and associated symptoms.

Registration of the article: Lozinski Oleg

Video of mastitis in nursing mothers

Symptoms and treatment of mastitis in nursing: